Regional Determinants of MNE’s Location Choice in Post-transition Economies
Andrea Gauselmann, Philipp Marek
Empirica,
Nr. 4,
2012
Abstract
This article focuses on the impact of agglomeration and labour market factors on the location choice of MNEs in post-transition economies. We compare data from 33 regions in East Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland using a mixed logit model on a sample of 4,343 subsidiaries for the time period between 2000 and 2010. The results show that agglomeration advantages, such as sectoral specialization as well as a region’s economic and technological performance prove to be some of the most important pull factors for FDI in post-transition regions.
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Fachkräftemangel – was ist dran? Bericht zum 9. IWH-IAB-Workshop zur Arbeitsmarktpolitik
Herbert S. Buscher, C. Harendt, A. Smigiel
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 11,
2012
Abstract
Ein möglicher Fachkräftemangel und seine Auswirkungen sind seit geraumer Zeit ein Kernthema wirtschafts- und arbeitsmarktpolitischer Debatten. Im Rahmen des 9. Workshops zur Arbeitsmarktpolitik des IWH und des Instituts für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB) in Halle (Saale) diskutierten Wissenschaftler und Vertreter aus Politik und Wirtschaft über die Problematik in den kommenden Jahren möglicherweise fehlender qualifizierter Arbeitskräfte. In diesem Kontext wurden demographische, unternehmensbezogene und regionalspezifische Aspekte des Problems beleuchtet. Der Fachkräftemangel ist empirisch schwer zu erfassen. Als temporäre, berufs- und regionalspezifische Phänomene sind Fachkräfteengpässe jedoch zu beobachten. Unabhängig von der Feststellung eines tatsächlichen Fachkräftemangels sind Maßnahmen zur Fachkräftesicherung aus Gründen der Wohlfahrtssteigerung zu empfehlen.
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Human Capital Mobility and Convergence – A Spatial Dynamic Panel Model of the German Regions
Alexander Kubis, Lutz Schneider
Abstract
Since the fall of the iron curtain in 1989, the migration deficit of the Eastern part of Germany has accumulated to 1.8 million people, which is over ten percent of its initial population. Depending on their human capital endowment, these migrants might either – in the case of low-skilled migration – accelerate or – in high-skilled case – impede convergence. Due to the availability of detailed data on regional human capital, migration and productivity growth, we are able to test how geographic mobility affects convergence via the human capital selectivity of migration. With regard to the endogeneity of the migration flows and human capital, we apply a dynamic panel data model within the framework of β-convergence and account for spatial dependence. The regressions indicate a positive, robust, but modest effect of a migration surplus on regional productivity growth. After controlling for human capital, the effect of migration decreases; this decrease indicates that skill selectivity is one way that migration impacts growth.
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Human Capital Mobility and Convergence. A Spatial Dynamic Panel Model of the German Regions
Alexander Kubis, Lutz Schneider
Abstract
Since the fall of the iron curtain in 1989, the migration deficit of the Eastern part of Germany has accumulated to 1.8 million people, which is over 10 percent of its ini-tial population. Depending on their human capital endowment, these migrants might either – in the case of low-skilled migration – accelerate or – in high-skilled case– impede convergence. Due to the availability of detailed data on regional human capital, migration and productivity growth, we are able to test how geographic mobil-ity affects convergence via the human capital selectivity of migration. With regard to the endogeneity of the migration flows and human capital, we apply a dynamic panel data model within the framework of β-convergence and account for spatial depend-ence. The regressions indicate a positive, robust, but modest effect of a migration surplus on regional productivity growth. After controlling for human capital, the effect of migration decreases; this decrease indicates that skill selectivity is one way that migration impacts growth.
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The Importance of Estimation Uncertainty in a Multi-Rating Class Loan Portfolio
Henry Dannenberg
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 11,
2011
Abstract
This article seeks to make an assessment of estimation uncertainty in a multi-rating class loan portfolio. Relationships are established between estimation uncertainty and parameters such as probability of default, intra- and inter-rating class correlation, degree of inhomogeneity, number of rating classes used, number of debtors and number of historical periods used for parameter estimations. In addition, by using an exemplary portfolio based on Moody’s ratings, it becomes clear that estimation uncertainty does indeed have an effect on interest rates.
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MNE’s Regional Location Choice - A Comparative Perspective on East Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland
Andrea Gauselmann, Philipp Marek, J. P. Angenendt
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 8,
2011
publiziert in: Empirica
Abstract
The focus of this article is the empirical identification of factors influencing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in transition economies on a regional level (NUTS 2). The analysis is designed as benchmark between three neighboring post-communist regions, i.e. East Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland. Their different transition paths have not only resulted in economic differences. We can also observe today that the importance of pull factors for FDI varies significantly across the regions. This analysis shows that in comparison with Poland and the Czech Republic, East Germany’s major benefit is its purchasing power, its geographical proximity to West European markets, and its modern infrastructure. Furthermore, the analysis suggests that intra-industry linkages such as specialization and agglomeration economies are relevant factors for the location decision of foreign investors. This result can help to explain the regional divergence of FDI streams in transition economies.
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Is East Germany Catching Up? A Time Series Perspective
Bernd Aumann, Rolf Scheufele
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 14,
2009
Abstract
This paper assesses whether the economy of East Germany is catching up with the
West German region in terms of welfare. While the primary measure for convergence and catching up is per capita output, we also look at other macroeconomic indicators such as unemployment rates, wage rates, and production levels in the manufacturingsector. In contrast to existing studies of convergence between regions of reunified Germany, our approach is purely based upon the time series dimension and is thus directly focused on the catching up process in East Germany as a region. Our testing setup includes standard ADF unit root tests as well as unit root tests that endogenously allow for a break in the deterministic component of the process. In our analysis, we find evidence of catching up for East Germany for most of the indicators. However, convergence speed is slow, and thus it can be expected that the catching up process will take further decades until the regional gap is closed.
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Berücksichtigung von Schätzunsicherheit bei der Kreditrisikobewertung: Vergleich des Value at Risk der Verlustverteilung des Kreditrisikos bei Verwendung von Bootstrapping und einem asymptotischen Ansatz
Henry Dannenberg
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 3,
2009
Abstract
Bei der Kreditrisikobewertung müssen die Parameter Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit und
-korrelation geschätzt werden. Diese Schätzung erfolgt unter Unsicherheit. In der Literatur werden asymptotische Konfidenzregionen diskutiert, um diese Unsicherheit bei der simultanen Schätzung beider Parameter zu bewerten. Diese Regionen setzen allerdings eine sehr lange Datenhistorie für eine genaue Bewertung voraus. Als Alternative bietet sich bei kurzen Datenhistorien Bootstrapping an. Diese Methode ist allerdings deutlich rechenintensiver. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, ab welcher Anzahl historisch verfügbarer Perioden Bootstrapping und eine Wald-Konfidenzregion zu einer vergleichbaren Bewertung des Kreditrisikos gelangen. Die hier genutzten Methoden führen zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen, wenn über 100 historische Perioden zur Verfügung stehen.
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