05.04.2023 • 9/2023
Ostdeutsche Wirtschaft bisher gut durch Energiekrise gekommen – Implikationen der Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Frühjahr 2023 und amtlicher Länderdaten für die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft
Im Jahr 2022 hat die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft mit 3,0% deutlich stärker expandiert als die Wirtschaft in Westdeutschland (1,5%). Hintergrund ist eine robustere Entwicklung der Arbeitnehmer- und Rentnereinkommen. Auch für das Jahr 2023 prognostiziert das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) deshalb mit 1% eine höhere Zuwachsrate des Bruttoinlandsprodukts in Ostdeutschland als in Deutschland insgesamt (0,3%). Die Arbeitslosenquote dürfte mit 6,8% im Jahr 2023 und 6,7% im Jahr darauf in etwa stagnieren.
Oliver Holtemöller
Lesen
Ein neues Instrument für die Prognose der Wirtschaftsaktivität in Deutschland: der PRIMA-Indikator
Katja Heinisch, Axel Lindner
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 4,
2022
Abstract
Umfragen zur Einschätzung der wirtschaftlichen Lage sind wichtige Instrumente für die Erstellung von Konjunkturprognosen. Denn ein großer Teil des Wissens über den Zustand einer Wirtschaft liegt nicht gebündelt vor, sondern verteilt sich auf eine Vielzahl von Unternehmen und Haushalten. Allerdings werden die Antworten auf Umfragen auch von öffentlich verfügbaren Informationen beeinflusst, welche Prognostiker besser kennen und beurteilen können als private Haushalte. Im Folgenden wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, mit dessen Hilfe die Einflüsse öffentlicher Informationen aus den privaten Umfrageergebnissen herausgefiltert werden können. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Prognosen der deutschen Konjunktur mit Hilfe eines so erstellten Frühindikators verbessert werden können.
Artikel Lesen
Economic Sentiment: Disentangling Private Information from Public Knowledge
Katja Heinisch, Axel Lindner
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 15,
2021
Abstract
This paper addresses a general problem with the use of surveys as source of information about the state of an economy: Answers to surveys are highly dependent on information that is publicly available, while only additional information that is not already publicly known has the potential to improve a professional forecast. We propose a simple procedure to disentangle the private information of agents from knowledge that is already publicly known for surveys that ask for general as well as for private prospects. Our results reveal the potential of our proposed technique for the usage of European Commissions‘ consumer surveys for economic forecasting for Germany.
Artikel Lesen
Consumer Defaults and Social Capital
Brian Clark, Iftekhar Hasan, Helen Lai, Feng Li, Akhtar Siddique
Journal of Financial Stability,
April
2021
Abstract
Using account level data from a credit bureau, we study the role that social capital plays in consumer default decisions. We find that borrowers in communities with greater social capital are significantly less likely to default on loans, even after adjusting for different levels of income and other characteristics such as credit scores. The results are strongest for potentially strategic defaults on mortgages; a one standard deviation increase in social capital reduces such defaults by 12.4 %. These results can be generalized to any mortgage default. Our results also indicate that the effect of social capital is most prominent among more creditworthy borrowers, suggesting that when given a choice, the social cost of defaulting is an important factor affecting default decisions. We find a similar impact of social capital on consumer defaults in other datasets with more detailed information on borrowers as well. Our results are robust to modeling and methodology choices, as well as controlling for other drivers of default such as wealth, income and amenities from homeownership. Our results suggest that increasing social capital via measures to build community cohesion such as promotion of owner-occupied home ownership may be one avenue to deter consumer default.
Artikel Lesen
01.02.2021 • 4/2021
Privatpersonen erhöhen Ersparnisse aufgrund fehlender Ausgabemöglichkeiten und nicht aus Angst vor Arbeitslosigkeit
Während der Corona-Krise haben europäische Haushalte so viel Geld zurückgelegt wie noch nie. Eine Analyse des Leibniz-Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) führt dieses Sparverhalten hauptsächlich auf ein eingeschränktes Angebot infolge staatlicher Lockdown-Maßnahmen und nicht auf andere Faktoren wie ökonomische Unsicherheit zurück. IWH-Präsident Reint Gropp sieht daher Potenzial für eine rasche Wiederbelebung des Konsums und somit eine zügige wirtschaftliche Erholung, sobald der Lockdown aufgehoben wird.
Reint E. Gropp
Lesen
Private Equity and Portfolio Companies: Lessons From the Global Financial Crisis
Shai B. Bernstein, Josh Lerner, Filippo Mezzanotti
Journal of Applied Corporate Finance,
Nr. 3,
2020
Abstract
Critics of private equity have warned that the high leverage often used in PE-backed companies could contribute to the fragility of the financial system during economic crises. The proliferation of poorly structured transactions during booms could increase the vulnerability of the economy to downturns. The alternative hypothesis is that PE, with its operating capabilities, expertise in financial restructuring, and massive capital raised but not invested ("dry powder"), could increase the resilience of PE-backed companies. In their study of PE-backed buyouts in the U.K. - which requires and thereby makes accessible more information about private companies than, say, in the U.S. - the authors report finding that, during the 2008 global financial crisis, PE-backed companies decreased their overall investments significantly less than comparable, non-PE firms. Moreover, such PE-backed firms also experienced greater equity and debt inflows, higher asset growth, and increased market share. These effects were especially notable among smaller, riskier PE-backed firms with less access to capital, and also for those firms backed by PE firms with more dry powder at the crisis onset. In a survey of the partners and staff of some 750 PE firms, the authors also present compelling evidence that PEs firms play active financial and operating roles in preserving or restoring the profitability and value of their portfolio companies.
Artikel Lesen
Managerial Biases and Debt Contract Design: The Case of Syndicated Loans
Tim R. Adam, Valentin Burg, Tobias Scheinert, Daniel Streitz
Management Science,
Nr. 1,
2020
Abstract
We examine whether managerial overconfidence impacts the use of performance-pricing provisions in loan contracts (performance-sensitive debt [PSD]). Managers with biased views may issue PSD because they consider this form of debt to be mispriced. Our evidence shows that overconfident managers are more likely to issue rate-increasing PSD than regular debt. They choose PSD with steeper performance-pricing schedules than those chosen by rational managers. We reject the possibility that overconfident managers have (persistent) positive private information and use PSD for signaling. Finally, firms seem to benefit less from using PSD ex post if they are managed by overconfident rather than rational managers.
Artikel Lesen
What Drives Discretion in Bank Lending? Some Evidence and a Link to Private Information
Gene Ambrocio, Iftekhar Hasan
Journal of Banking and Finance,
2019
Abstract
We assess the extent to which discretion, unexplained variations in the terms of a loan contract, has varied across time and lending institutions and show that part of this discretion is due to private information that lenders have on their borrowers. We find that discretion is lower for secured loans and loans granted by a larger group of lenders, and is larger when the lenders are larger and more profitable. Over time, discretion is also lower around recessions although the private information content is higher. The results suggest that bank discretionary and private information acquisition behavior may be important features of the credit cycle.
Artikel Lesen
The Privatisation Activities of the Treuhandanstalt and the Transformation of the East German Corporate Landscape: A New Dataset for First Explorations
Alexander Giebler, Michael Wyrwich
IWH Technical Reports,
Nr. 1,
2018
Abstract
Even nearly 30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the privatisation and transformation of East Germany's business landscape is controversially discussed in the media and politics. The privatisation process led to enormous structural changes, which were associated with massive job losses. In particular, the stagnating regional development of East Germany is often blamed on the “long shadow” of the privatisation activities of the Treuhandanstalt (THA). From a scientific perspective, however, there are hardly any contributions dealing with the effects of privatisation activities. The IWH-Treuhand Privatisation Micro Database introduced in this technical report is novel as such that it provides comprehensive information on employment and turnover figures for formerly state-owned enterprises for the early 1990s.
Artikel Lesen
21.03.2017 • 14/2017
IWH-Konjunkturbarometer Ostdeutschland: Moderater Anstieg der Produktion im Winterhalbjahr 2016/2017
Auf die Stagnation im dritten Quartal des vergangenen Jahres folgte in den Monaten Oktober bis Dezember ein moderater Zuwachs der Produktion. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt ist in den Neuen Bundesländern – saisonbereinigt nach dem Berliner Verfahren – um 0,3% gestiegen (Alte Bundesländer: 0,4%). Die Steigerung beruht auf einem Wechsel der Auftriebskräfte: Das Produzierende Gewerbe legte nach dem Minus an Wertschöpfung im Sommer wieder zu, und das Plus der Dienstleister hat sich erhöht.
Udo Ludwig
Lesen
