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30.11.2022 • 28/2022
Strengere Regeln für Banken können Immobilienmärkte entlasten
Schwierigkeiten auf dem deutschen Immobilienmarkt könnten eine Wirtschaftskrise weiter verschärfen. Der Staat hat zu wenig Einfluss, um diese Gefahr einzudämmen, zeigt eine Studie des Leibniz-Instituts für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH).
Michael Koetter
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European Real Estate Markets During the Pandemic: Is COVID-19 also a Case for House Price Concerns?
Michael Koetter, Felix Noth
IWH Policy Notes,
Nr. 3,
2022
Abstract
We use a new database on European real estate purchase and rental prices – the IWH European Real Estate Index – to document the relationship between staggered COVID-19 dynamics and real estate prices in 14 EU countries between January 2020 and December 2021. For most countries, we find no statistically significant response of monthly purchase and rental prices due to an increase of regional COVID-19 cases. For the UK we find that more COVID-19 cases depressed both purchase and rental prices significantly, but the economic magnitude of effects was mild during this sample period. In contrast, rents in Italy increased in response to hiking COVID-19 cases, illustrating the importance to consider heterogeneous crisis patterns across the EU when designing policies. Overall, COVID-19 dynamics did not affect real estate values significantly during the pandemic, thereby mitigating potential financial stability concerns via a mortgage lending channel at the time.
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European Real Estate Prices
Michael Koetter, Felix Noth
IWH Technical Reports,
Nr. 3,
2022
Abstract
Real estate markets are pivotal to financial stability given their dual role as the underlying asset of crucial financial products in financial systems, such as mortgage loans and asset-backed securities, and the primary source of household wealth alike. As such, they also play traditionally a crucial role for the transmission of monetary policy. Imbalances and sudden corrections in real estate markets have been the root cause of many financial crises over the last decades. But whereas some national, often survey-based indicators of real estate prices are provided by central banks and statistical offices, a comprehensive collection of purchase prices, rents, and proxies for the liquidity of European real estate markets is lacking. The IWH European Real Estate Index (EREI) seeks to fill this void for residential property. This technical report describes the gathering and processing of sale and rental prices for properties in 18 European countries. We provide the general scrapeing step in the section before describing country-specific details for each country in separated sub-sections.
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Real Estate Transaction Taxes and Credit Supply
Michael Koetter, Philipp Marek, Antonios Mavropoulos
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 26,
2022
Abstract
We exploit staggered real estate transaction tax (RETT) hikes across German states to identify the effect of house price changes on mortgage credit supply. Based on approximately 33 million real estate online listings, we construct a quarterly hedonic house price index (HPI) between 2008:q1 and 2017:q4, which we instrument with state-specific RETT changes to isolate the effect on mortgage credit supply by all local German banks. First, a RETT hike by one percentage point reduces HPI by 1.2%. This effect is driven by listings in rural regions. Second, a 1% contraction of HPI induced by an increase in the RETT leads to a 1.4% decline in mortgage lending. This transmission of fiscal policy to mortgage credit supply is effective across almost the entire bank capitalization distribution.
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Kommentar: Immobilienbesitz in Inflationszeiten: Ein Damoklesschwert über der Finanzstabilität?
Michael Koetter
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 3,
2022
Abstract
Zu Beginn meines Studiums bot sich mir überall das gleiche Schauspiel: lange Warteschlangen anderer „Frischlinge“ vor dem neu renovierten WG-Zimmer samt modernstem 56k-Modem, fußläufig zu Uni und Lieblings-Café gelegen, mit happiger Miete zwar, aber irgendwie noch im finanziellen Lösungsraum. Eifrig bereitete ich tolle Argumente vor, warum gerade ich der optimale WG-Zuwachs sei, bevor ich mich einreihte. Schade, dass es dann meist jemand anderes wurde, aber nur kein Neid! Schade aber auch, dass die Suche nach einem Dach über dem Kopf für viele Menschen auch später frustrierend bleibt. Ein bezahlbares Zuhause zu suchen bleibt vielerorts ein von der Spaßsteuer befreites Unterfangen, ob nun für Berufseinsteiger oder die vierköpfige Familie, ob nun in Leipzig oder Köln.
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08.09.2022 • 22/2022
Konjunktur aktuell: Energiekrise in Deutschland
Das Versiegen der Gaslieferungen aus Russland und die Preisanstiege für Gas und Strom führen zu massiven Realeinkommensverlusten und zu einer Rezession in Europa und in Deutschland. Das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) prognostiziert, dass das deutsche Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Jahr 2022 um 1,1% zunehmen und im Jahr 2023 um 1,4% sinken wird. Die Verbraucherpreise steigen im Jahr 2022 um 7,9% und im Jahr 2023 um 9,5%.
Oliver Holtemöller
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Aktuelle Trends: Immobilienpreise in Deutschland steigen seit Pandemiebeginn im EU-Vergleich am stärksten
Michael Koetter, Felix Noth
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 1,
2022
Abstract
Seit dem Beginn der Pandemie sind die Angebotspreise für privat genutzte Immobilien EU-weit um ein Viertel, in Deutschland bis März 2021 um 45% gestiegen. Die Preisdynamik ist auch außerhalb der Ballungszentren beachtlich.
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Consumer Defaults and Social Capital
Brian Clark, Iftekhar Hasan, Helen Lai, Feng Li, Akhtar Siddique
Journal of Financial Stability,
April
2021
Abstract
Using account level data from a credit bureau, we study the role that social capital plays in consumer default decisions. We find that borrowers in communities with greater social capital are significantly less likely to default on loans, even after adjusting for different levels of income and other characteristics such as credit scores. The results are strongest for potentially strategic defaults on mortgages; a one standard deviation increase in social capital reduces such defaults by 12.4 %. These results can be generalized to any mortgage default. Our results also indicate that the effect of social capital is most prominent among more creditworthy borrowers, suggesting that when given a choice, the social cost of defaulting is an important factor affecting default decisions. We find a similar impact of social capital on consumer defaults in other datasets with more detailed information on borrowers as well. Our results are robust to modeling and methodology choices, as well as controlling for other drivers of default such as wealth, income and amenities from homeownership. Our results suggest that increasing social capital via measures to build community cohesion such as promotion of owner-occupied home ownership may be one avenue to deter consumer default.
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Real Estate Transaction Taxes and Credit Supply
Michael Koetter, Philipp Marek, Antonios Mavropoulos
Deutsche Bundesbank Discussion Paper,
Nr. 4,
2021
Abstract
We exploit staggered real estate transaction tax (RETT) hikes across German states to identify the effect of house price changes on mortgage credit supply. Based on approximately 33 million real estate online listings, we construct a quarterly hedonic house price index (HPI) between 2008:q1 and 2017:q4, which we instrument with state-speci c RETT changes to isolate the effect on mortgage credit supply by all local German banks. First, a RETT hike by one percentage point reduces HPI by 1.2%. This effect is driven by listings in rural regions. Second, a 1% contraction of HPI induced by an increase in the RETT leads to a 1.4% decline in mortgage lending. This transmission of fiscal policy to mortgage credit supply is effective across almost the entire bank capitalization distribution.
Artikel Lesen
