Fiscal Policy and the Great Recession in the Euro Area
Mathias Trabandt, Günter Coenen, Roland Straub
American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings,
Nr. 3,
2012
Abstract
How much did fiscal policy contribute to euro area real GDP growth during the Great Recession? We estimate that discretionary fiscal measures have increased annualized quarterly real GDP growth during the crisis by up to 1.6 percentage points. We obtain our result by using an extended version of the European Central Bank's New Area-Wide Model with a rich specification of the fiscal sector. A detailed modeling of the fiscal sector and the incorporation of as many as eight fiscal time series appear pivotal for our result.
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The Halle Economic Projection Model
Sebastian Giesen, Oliver Holtemöller, Juliane Scharff, Rolf Scheufele
Economic Modelling,
Nr. 4,
2012
Abstract
In this paper we develop an open economy model explaining the joint determination of output, inflation, interest rates, unemployment and the exchange rate in a multi-country framework. Our model -- the Halle Economic Projection Model (HEPM) -- is closely related to studies published by Carabenciov et al. Our main contribution is that we model the Euro area countries separately. In doing so, we consider Germany, France, and Italy which represent together about 70 percent of Euro area GDP. The model combines core equations of the New-Keynesian standard DSGE model with empirically useful ad-hoc equations. We estimate this model using Bayesian techniques and evaluate the forecasting properties. Additionally, we provide an impulse response analysis and a historical shock decomposition.
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Introducing Financial Frictions and Unemployment into a Small Open Economy Model
Mathias Trabandt, Lawrence J. Christiano, Karl Walentin
Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control,
Nr. 12,
2011
Abstract
Which are the main frictions and the driving forces of business cycle dynamics in an open economy? To answer this question we extend the standard new Keynesian model in three dimensions: we incorporate financing frictions for capital, employment frictions for labor and extend the model into a small open economy setting. We estimate the model on Swedish data. Our main results are that (i) a financial shock is pivotal for explaining fluctuations in investment and GDP. (ii) The marginal efficiency of investment shock has negligible importance. (iii) The labor supply shock is unimportant in explaining GDP and no high frequency wage markup shock is needed.
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The Role of Investment Banking for the German Economy: Final Report for Deutsche Bank AG, Frankfurt/Main
Michael Schröder, M. Borell, Reint E. Gropp, Z. Iliewa, L. Jaroszek, G. Lang, S. Schmidt, K. Trela
ZEW-Dokumentationen, Nr. 12-01,
Nr. 1,
2011
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the contributions of investment banking to the economy with a particular focus on the German economy. To this end we analyse both the economic benefits and the costs stemming from investment banking.
The study focuses on investment banks as this part of banking is particularly relevant for financing companies as well as the development and use of specific products to support the needs of private and professional clients. The assessment of benefits and costs of investment banking has been conducted from a European perspective. Nevertheless there is a focus on the German economy to allow a more detailed analysis of certain aspects as for example the use of derivatives by German companies, the success of M&As in Germany or the effect of securitization on loan supply and GDP in Germany. For comparison purposes other European countries and also the U.S. have been taken into account.
The last financial crisis has shown the negative impacts of banks on the financial system and the whole economy. In a study on the contribution of investment banks to systemic risk we quantify the negative side of the investment banking business.
In the last part of the study we assess how the effects of regulatory changes on investment banking. All important changes in banking and capital market regulation are taken into account such as Basel III, additional capital requirements for systemically important financial institutions, regulation of OTC derivatives and specific taxes.
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Bank-specific Shocks and the Real Economy
Claudia M. Buch, Katja Neugebauer
Journal of Banking and Finance,
Nr. 8,
2011
Abstract
Governments often justify interventions into the financial system in the form of bail outs or liquidity assistance with the systemic importance of large banks for the real economy. In this paper, we analyze whether idiosyncratic shocks to loan growth at large banks have effects on real GDP growth. We employ a measure of idiosyncratic shocks which follows Gabaix (forthcoming). He shows that idiosyncratic shocks to large firms have an impact on US GDP growth. In an application to the banking sector, we find evidence that changes in lending by large banks have a significant short-run impact on GDP growth. Episodes of negative loan growth rates and the Eastern European countries in our sample drive these results.
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Ostdeutsche Wirtschaft im Jahr 2011: Trotz Wachstumsbeschleunigung keine Fortschritte im gesamtwirtschaftlichen Aufholprozess
Udo Ludwig, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Franziska Exß, Brigitte Loose
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 7,
2011
Abstract
Die ostdeutsche Wirtschaft schlägt in diesem Jahr ein höheres Wachstumstempo an als im Jahr nach der Krise. Während das bislang vom Export getriebene Erholungsmuster die Ausrichtung der ostdeutschen Produktion auf die Güternachfrage im Inland weniger ansprach und der Anstieg des Bruttoinlandsproduktes (BIP) von 2% im vergangenen Jahr deutlich hinter der deutschlandweiten Rate von 3,6% zurückblieb, wird sich das Wachstum im Jahr 2011 auf 2,8% beschleunigen. Ausschlaggebend ist der Wechsel der Auftriebskräfte in Deutschland auf die Nachfrage nach Investitions- und nach Konsumgütern. Treibende Kraft bleibt die Industrie, die bereits 2010 dank der Integration in die gesamtdeutschen Wert-schöpfungsketten fast so kräftig zulegte wie in Westdeutschland. In diesem Jahr kommen jedoch auch das Baugewerbe und die konsumnahen Dienstleistungsbereiche in Schwung.
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Aufschwung in Sachsen-Anhalt unter strukturellen Zwängen
Udo Ludwig, Brigitte Loose
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
Nr. 7,
2011
Abstract
Anders als in der Wirtschaftskrise hat der Unternehmenssektor im Jahr 2010 seine tragende Rolle für Wachstum und Beschäftigung in Sachsen-Anhalt zurückgewonnen. Die Unternehmen haben ihre Wettbewerbsposition gefestigt: Die Produktivität ist gestiegen, Arbeitsstunden und Beschäftigung wurden aufgestockt. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) erhöhte sich im Jahr 2010 um 2,4% und damit stärker als im Durchschnitt der ostdeutschen Flächenländer. Es wird im Jahr 2011 um 2,6% steigen. Der Produktionsausfall in der Industrie während der Krise konnte bis auf 6% bereits wieder wettgemacht werden. Trotz des für Ostdeutschland überdurchschnittlichen Produktionswachstums blieb Sachsen-Anhalt bei der Pro-Kopf-Produktion unter dem ostdeutschen Durchschnitt. Bei der Erwerbstätigenproduktivität gehört das Land jedoch zu den Spitzenreitern, auch wenn das Vorkrisenniveau noch nicht wieder erreicht wurde.
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