Geldpolitische Strategien im Umbruch
Diemo Dietrich, Albrecht F. Michler
Systeme monetärer Steuerung - Analyse und Vergleich geldpolitischer Strategien. Schriften zu Ordnungsfragen der Wirtschaft, Band 86,
No. 86,
2007
Abstract
Geldpolitische Strategien, insbesondere die der EZB, sind in jüngerer Vergangenheit verstärkt in den Fokus der öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Debatte gelangt. Nach einer Einführung in konzeptionelle Grundlagen geldpolitischer Strategien vergleicht die vorliegende Arbeit mit Inflationssteuerung und Geldmengensteuerung die beiden vorherrschenden geldpolitischen Stratgien. Kriterien sind hierbei unter anderem die Modellierung des Transmissionsmechanismus, die Rolle von Erwartungen, die Bedeutung nominaler Anker sowie Transparenz und Verantwortlichkeit. Den Abschluß bildet eine kritische Würdigung der aktuellen EZB-Strategie.
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Does Transparency of Central Banks produce Multiple Equilibria on Currency Markets?
Axel Lindner
Scandinavian Journal of Economics,
No. 1,
2006
Abstract
A recent strand of literature shows that multiple equilibria in models of markets for pegged currencies vanish if there is slightly diverse information among traders; see Morris and Shin (2001). It is known that this approach works only if the common knowledge in the market is not too precise. This has led to the conclusion that central banks should try to avoid making their information common knowledge. We develop a model in which more transparency of the central bank implies better private information, because each trader utilises public information according to her own private information. Thus, transparency makes multiple equilibria less likely.
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Market Indicators, Bank Fragility, and Indirect Market Discipline
Reint E. Gropp, Jukka M. Vesala, Giuseppe Vulpes
Economic Policy Review,
No. 2,
2004
Abstract
A paper presented at the October 2003 conference “Beyond Pillar 3 in International Banking Regulation: Disclosure and Market Discipline of Financial Firms“ cosponsored by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the Jerome A. Chazen Institute of International Business at Columbia Business School.
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Technological capability of foreign and West German investors in East Germany
Jutta Günther
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 189,
2004
Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an important role for countries or regions in the process of economic catching-up since it is assumed – among other things – that FDI brings in new production technology and knowledge. This paper gives an overview about the development of FDI in East Germany based on official data provided by the Federal Bank of Germany. The investigation also includes a comparison of FDI in East Germany to Central East European countries. But the main focus of the paper is an analysis of the technological capability comparing majority foreign and West German owned firms to majority East German owned firms. It shows that foreign and West German subsidiaries in East Germany are indeed characterized by superior technological capability with respect to all indicators looked at (product innovation, research & development, organizational changes etc.).
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Why do we have an interbank money market?
Jürgen Wiemers, Ulrike Neyer
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 182,
2003
Abstract
The interbank money market plays a key role in the execution of monetary policy. Hence, it is important to know the functioning of this market and the determinants of the interbank money market rate. In this paper, we develop an interbank money market model with a heterogeneous banking sector. We show that besides for balancing daily liquidity fluctuations banks participate in the interbank market because they have different marginal costs of obtaining funds from the central bank. In the euro area, which we refer to, these cost differences occur because banks have different marginal cost of collateral which they need to hold to obtain funds from the central bank. Banks with relatively low marginal costs act as intermediaries between the central bank and banks with relatively high marginal costs. The necessary positive spread between the interbank market rate and the central bank rate is determined by transaction costs and credit risk in the interbank market, total liquidity needs of the banking sector, costs of obtaining funds from the central bank, and the distribution of the latter across banks.
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On the stability of the banking systems in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary
Werner Gnoth
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2003
Abstract
Es ist ein grundlegendes Interesse der EU-Staaten, dass die Bankensysteme der beitretenden Länder stabil sind. Denn, Instabilitäten bei der Anwendung des gemeinschaftlichen Besitzstandes im Finanzsektor eines der beitretenden Länder hätten letztlich Auswirkungen auf das Finanz- und Wechselkurssystem der Gemeinschaft mit realwirtschaftlichen Folgen. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird die Stabilität der Bankensysteme in der Tschechischen Republik, Polen und Ungarn untersucht. Gegenwärtig stehen die Bankensysteme vor keinem unmittelbaren Problem: Ein schwacher Wettbewerb, eine am EU-Durchschnitt gemessen hohe Inflationsrate und der geringe Intermediationsgrad ermöglichen den Banken noch einen ausreichenden Zinsertrag. So verkraften sie einen relativ hohen Anteil an notleidenden Krediten und eine hohe Fremdwährungsverschuldung. Damit die Integration der Bankensysteme der Beitrittskandidaten in die EU erfolgreich wird, sind jedoch noch einige Bedingungen zu erfüllen: Es gilt, das Dienstleistungsangebot zu erweitern, den Anteil von notleidenden Krediten vor allem im tschechischen und polnischen Bankensystem zu verringern sowie die Fremdwährungsverschuldung im polnischen und ungarischen Banken- und Unternehmenssektor angemessen zu begrenzen. Die Erhöhung der Kapitalbasis ist ebenso eine wichtige Aufgabe.
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Does Transparency of Central Banks Produce Multiple Equilibria on Currency Markets?
Axel Lindner
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 178,
2003
Abstract
A recent strand of literature (see Morris and Shin 2001) shows that multiple equilibria in models of markets for pegged currencies vanish if there is slightly diverse information between traders. It is known that this approach works only if there is not too precise common knowledge in the market. This has led to the conclusion that central banks should try to avoid making their information common knowledge. We present a model in which more transparency of the central bank means better private information, because each trader utilizes public information according to her own private information. Thus, transparency makes multiple equilibria less likely.
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The Contribution of SADC Central Banks to Regional Integration
Tobias Knedlik
Monitoring Regional Integration in Southern Africa Yearbook, Vol. 3,
2003
Abstract
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Hungarian Central Bank´s Exchange Rate Policy under Pressure - Current Trend
Thomas Linne, Johannes Stephan
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 2,
2003
Abstract
Mitte Januar senkte die ungarische Nationalbank in zwei Schritten den Refinanzierungszinssatz um jeweils 100 Basispunkte auf nunmehr 6,5%. Gleichzeitig versuchte die Nationalbank durch Devisenmarktinterventionen, den Forint-Wechselkurs innerhalb der Schwankungsbandbreiten zu halten. Anlass für die Zinssenkungen und die Interventionen war die relativ starke Aufwertung des Forint. Seit Oktober 2001 verfolgt die Nationalbank einen fixen Wechselkurs gegenüber dem Euro mit einer zulässigen Schwankungsbandbreite von ±15% um eine zentrale Parität. Damit entspricht die Wechselkurspolitik weitgehend der institutionellen Ausgestaltung des WKM II.
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Are the Central and Eastern European Transition Countries still vullnerable to an Financial Crisis? Results from the Signals Approach
Axel Brüggemann, Thomas Linne
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 157,
2002
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to analyse the vulnerability of the Central and Eastern European accession countries to the EU as well as that of Turkey and Russia to a financial crisis. Our methodology is an extension of the signals approach. We develop a composite indicator to measure the evolution of the risk potential in each country. Our findings show that crises in Central and Eastern Europe are caused by much the usual suspects as in others emerging markets. In particular an overvalued exchange rate, weak exports and dwindling currency reserves have good predictive power for assessing crisis vulnerabilities.
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