FDI Micro Database – Methodological Note – Survey 2012 in East Germany
Jutta Günther, Andrea Gauselmann, Björn Jindra, Philipp Marek, Jan Engelhardt
Einzelveröffentlichungen,
2012
Abstract
With the integration of post-communist countries into the European and global economy
after 1990, there was strong research interest into the role of multinational enterprises
(MNEs) for economic restructuring and technological catching-up. Most of the existing
empirical studies on locational determinants of FDI and host country effects did not take
account of East Germany. This might be for different reasons: Firstly, theoretical and
empirical difficulties derive from the fact that East Germany followed a distinct transition
pattern as it became a region subsumed in a larger and more mature economy. Secondly,
East Germany received private investment from foreign as well as West German firms. Only
the first can be considered as a foreign direct investment (FDI). Finally, there had long been
a lack of micro data to adequately analyse the activities of corresponding firms from a
production as well as technological perspective.
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A Federal Long-run Projection Model for Germany
Oliver Holtemöller, Maike Irrek, Birgit Schultz
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 11,
2012
Abstract
Many economic decisions implicitly or explicitly rely on a projection of the medium- or long-term economic development of a country or region. In this paper, we provide a federal long-run projection model for Germany and the German states. The model fea-tures a top-down approach and, as major contribution, uses error correction models to estimate the regional economic development dependent on the national projection. For the medium- and long-term projection of economic activity, we apply a production function approach. We provide a detailed robustness analysis by systematically varying assumptions of the model. Additionally, we explore the effects of different demographic trends on economic development.
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Regional Determinants of MNE’s Location Choice in Post-transition Economies
Andrea Gauselmann, Philipp Marek
Empirica,
No. 4,
2012
Abstract
This article focuses on the impact of agglomeration and labour market factors on the location choice of MNEs in post-transition economies. We compare data from 33 regions in East Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland using a mixed logit model on a sample of 4,343 subsidiaries for the time period between 2000 and 2010. The results show that agglomeration advantages, such as sectoral specialization as well as a region’s economic and technological performance prove to be some of the most important pull factors for FDI in post-transition regions.
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Federal grants for local development to stop economic decline? – Lessons from Germany
Peter Haug, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld
Consequences of the International Crisis for European SMEs – Vulnerability and resilience. Routledge Studies in the European Economy, Routledge,
2012
Abstract
Der Beitrag untersucht - theoretisch und empirisch - die Angebotseffekte der öffentlichen Investitionen, die im Rahmen des im Jahr 2009 gestarteten „Konjunkturpakets II“ (genauer: das darin enthaltene sog. „Zukunftsinvestitionsgesetz“) gefördert wurden. Im theoretischen Teil des Beitrags werden die verzerrenden Effekte von Investitionszuweisungen auf die Bereitstellung von öffentlichen Kapital und die örtliche Wirtschaftsentwicklung behandelt. Entsprechend der theoretischen Literatur zur effizienten Bereitstellung von öffentlichen Gütern, zu öffentlichen Vorleistungsgütern und Wachstum haben zweckgebundene Investitionszuweisungen diverse negative allokative Effekte: Erstens führen sie zu einer Verzerrung der relativen Faktorpreise für die Kommune, was wiederum übermäßig große Bestände an öffentlichem Kapital und eine Pareto-ineffiziente Bereitstellung von öffentlichen Gütern begünstigt. Zweitens können langfristig wachstumsfördernde Wirkungen durch schuldenfinanzierte öffentliche Investitionen nur für öffentliche Vorleistungsgüter erwartet werden, die entweder die Produktivität des privater Unternehmen direkt steigern oder indirekt über eine Steigerung der Faktorproduktivität wirken, vor allem über eine Erhöhung des Bestandes an Humankapital. Im empirischen Teil konnten trotz des jüngsten Anstiegs der kommunalen Investitionen mittels Regressionsanalyse kein Zusammenhang mit den gewährten KPII-Mitteln für Sachsen belegt werden. Weiterhin erwiesen sich die Finanzkraft der sächsischen Kommunen und die Höhe der erhaltenen KPII-Zuweisungen als voneinander unabhängig. Insgesamt können aufgrund der Konzentration der Fördermittel auf öffentliche Konsumgüter anstelle von öffentlichen Vorleistungsgütern nur marginale Wachstumseffekte von den geförderten Investitionen für die Zukunft erwartet werden.
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Delineation of City Regions Based on Commuting Interrelations: The Example of Large Cities in Germany
Albrecht Kauffmann
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 4,
2012
Abstract
The comparison of cities with regard to their economic or demographic development may yield misleading results, if solely the cities in their administrative borders are the object of consideration. Frequently, historical borders of cities neither conform to the contemporary settlement structures, nor do they consider the mutual dependencies between cities and parts of their hinterland. Therefore, it is often claimed to use city regions as objects of comparison or for the sake of urban planning. Commonly, the delineation of functional regions is based on commuting flows from the municipalities in the hinterland of the core cities directed to the cores. A municipality is regarded as belonging to a certain city region if the share of out-commuters from this municipality to the respective core in the total mass of those employees who reside in that municipality is the largest one, and if this share exceeds a certain threshold value. However, commuting flows in the opposite direction are not considered. The method presented here delineates city regions on the base of bidirectional commuting flows. Hereby, various modifications regarding the characteristics of the employment base, the possibility of overlaps of regions, the formation of polycentric city regions, and of the minimum threshold value of mutual connectivity are applied to the sample of 81 German cities with more than 100 000 inhabitants. Finally, the effects of different kinds of regionalisation on the coefficients of regional specialisation of these cities and city regions are demonstrated.
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The Halle Economic Projection Model
Sebastian Giesen, Oliver Holtemöller, Juliane Scharff, Rolf Scheufele
Economic Modelling,
No. 4,
2012
Abstract
In this paper we develop an open economy model explaining the joint determination of output, inflation, interest rates, unemployment and the exchange rate in a multi-country framework. Our model -- the Halle Economic Projection Model (HEPM) -- is closely related to studies published by Carabenciov et al. Our main contribution is that we model the Euro area countries separately. In doing so, we consider Germany, France, and Italy which represent together about 70 percent of Euro area GDP. The model combines core equations of the New-Keynesian standard DSGE model with empirically useful ad-hoc equations. We estimate this model using Bayesian techniques and evaluate the forecasting properties. Additionally, we provide an impulse response analysis and a historical shock decomposition.
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Central Bank, Trade Unions, and Reputation – Is there Room for an Expansionist Manoeuvre in the European Union?
Toralf Pusch, A. Heise
A. Heise (ed.), Market Constellation Research: A Modern Governance Approach to Macroeconomic Policy. Institutionelle und Sozial-Ökonomie, Bd. 19,
2011
Abstract
The objective of this reader is manifold: On the one hand, it intends to establish a new perspective at the policy level named 'market constellations': institutionally embedded systems of macroeconomic governance which are able to explain differences in growth and employment developments. At the polity level, the question raised is whether or not market constellations can be governed and, thus, whether institutions can be created which will provide the incentives necessary for favourable market constellations.
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Internationalisation Theory and Technological Accumulation - An Investigation of Multinational Affiliates in East Germany
Björn Jindra
Studies in Economic Transition, London,
2012
Abstract
The integration of post-communist countries into the European and global economy after 1990 has led to a renewed interest in the role of multinational enterprises (MNEs) in economic restructuring and technological development. This book explains the expansion of MNEs into a transition economy from the technology accumulation perspective. Key assumptions of the technological accumulation approach towards firms' internationalisation are tested, using the examples of foreign and West German MNEs in East Germany. The effects of technological externalities on MNE location choice are analysed, in addition to an exploration of the factors driving the location of foreign affiliates' research and development (R&D) and innovation activities. The book provides a novel and comprehensive empirical approach to assess the developmental role of MNEs, deriving significant economic policy implications for transition and emerging economies.
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Regional Determinants of MNE´s Location Choice in Transition Economies
Andrea Gauselmann, Philipp Marek
WIFO Working Papers,
No. 412,
2011
published in: Empirica
Abstract
The article at hand analyses the impact of agglomeration effects, labour market conditions and other determinants on the location choice of MNEs in transition economies. We compare data from 33 regions in East Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland using a conditional logit model on a sample of 4,343 subsidiaries for the time period between 2000 to 2010. The results show that agglomeration advantages, such as sectoral specialization, a certain economic diversity as well as a region’s economic and technological performance prove to be some of the most important pull factors for FDI in transition regions. In addition, the labour market factors prove to play an important role in the location of FDI.
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Political Institutionalisation and Governance of the German Metropolitan Regions: A Comparative Study
Peter Franz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2011
Abstract
Mit der Bildung von Metropolregionen versuchen Städte und Kreise auf Anforderungen des globalen Standortwettbewerbes zu reagieren. Damit zeichnen sich neue Formen großflächiger interkommunaler Kooperation ab. In Deutschland sind in raumentwicklungspolitischer Absicht elf solcher Metropolregionen definiert und Anstöße zu ihrer Konstituierung gegeben worden. Um ihre politische Institutionalisierung bemühen sich die regionalen Akteure mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg, schlagen dabei aber zum Teil ähnliche Wege ein. In der vorliegenden
Studie werden die deutschen Metropolregionen mit Hilfe eines Stufenmodells der politischen Institutionalisierung diesbezüglich miteinander verglichen. Dabei wird auch der Einfluss intervenierender Faktoren wie der poly- bzw. monozentrischen Siedlungsstruktur sowie der Existenz von Ländergrenzen in diesen Regionen untersucht. Die Untersuchung kommt zum Ergebnis, dass bisher nur wenige Metropolregionen das Stadium fortgeschrittener Institutionalisierung und damit auch Kooperation erreicht haben. Eine Best-Practice-Empfehlung lässt sich
den eingeschlagenen Institutionalisierungspfaden bisher nicht entnehmen. Der Konstituierungsprozess zeichnet sich derzeit noch durch hohe Dynamik aus, sodass eine Wiederholung der Studie in den nächsten Jahren angezeigt erscheint.
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