Industrial Relations: Worker Codetermination and Collective Wage Bargaining
Steffen Müller, Claus Schnabel
Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik,
No. 1,
2019
Abstract
Trade unions and employers’ associations, collective bargaining, and employee representation at the workplace are the cornerstones of industrial relations systems in many developed countries. Germany stands out as a country with powerful works councils and a high coverage rate of collective bargaining agreements, supported by encompassing interest groups of employees and employers and by the state. The German case and the perceived stability of its industrial relations regime have attracted considerable attention among researchers and politicians, which also has to do with the country’s high productivity, comparably few strikes, and relatively minor employment problems. However, in recent years industrial relations in many countries including Germany have come under pressure and the fact that there is no obvious and clearly superior alternative to the current regime of industrial and labour relations may not be sufficient to guarantee the survival of the present system.
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The Levelling Effect of Product Market Competition on Gender Wage Discrimination
Boris Hirsch, Michael Oberfichtner, Claus Schnabel
IZA Journal of Labor Economics,
No. 19,
2014
Abstract
Using linked employer–employee panel data for West Germany that include direct information on the competition faced by plants, we investigate the effect of product market competition on the gender pay gap. Controlling for match fixed effects, we find that intensified competition significantly lowers the unexplained gap in plants with neither collective agreements nor a works council. Conversely, there is no effect in plants with these types of worker codetermination, which are unlikely to have enough discretion to adjust wages in the short run. We also document a larger competition effect in plants with few females in their workforces. Our findings are in line with Beckerian taste-based employer wage discrimination that is limited by competitive forces.
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Non-union Worker Representation, Foreign Owners, and the Performance of Establishments
U. Jirjahn, Steffen Müller
Oxford Economic Papers,
No. 1,
2014
Abstract
Using German establishment data, this study provides the first econometric analysis on the interaction of establishment-level codetermination and foreign owners. Works councils are associated with higher productivity in domestic-owned establishments while they are associated with lower productivity in foreign-owned establishments. Our results conform to the notion that foreign ownership can involve strong tensions with the institutional patterns of the host country.
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Is co-determination economically reasonable? East German manufacturing and construction as examples
Birgit Schultz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
2005
Abstract
In der öffentlichen Diskussion gibt es teilweise sehr kontroverse Argumentationen dazu, wie betriebliche Mitbestimmung durch den Betriebsrat auf personalpolitische und wirtschaftliche Belange in den Betrieben wirkt. Theoriegeleitete Publikationen zu diesem Themenbereich weisen hingegen vorwiegend auf positive Effekte sowohl für die Belegschaft als auch für das Management hin. Aus diesem Grund wird empirisch untersucht, welche Wirkung Betriebsräte auf die Entwicklung der Beschäftigung haben. In Betrieben mit einer günstigen Ertragslage im Status quo und einem Betriebsrat zeigt sich ein positiver Effekt auf den Beschäftigungsaufbau und auf die zukünftige Ertragslage. Ursprünglich ertragsstarke Betriebe ohne Betriebsrat verschlechtern im Vergleich dazu ihre wirtschaftliche Position. Hingegen haben Betriebe mit einem Betriebsrat gegenüber vergleichbaren Betrieben ohne Betriebsrat bei einer ungünstigen Ertragslage keine beobachtbaren größeren Schwierigkeiten, notwendige Beschäftigungsanpassungen vorzunehmen.
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