Low-paid employment relationships: high numbers, low volume
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 6,
2001
Abstract
Zur Beurteilung der Lage am Arbeitsmarkt kann die Erwerbstätigenzahl und/oder das Arbeitsvolumen herangezogen werden. Im Falle der geringfügigen Beschäftigungsverhältnisse ist die Betrachtung der Erwerbstätigenzahl allerdings problematisch: Im Jahr 2000 befand sich zwar mehr als jeder zehnte Erwerbstätige in einem geringfügig entlohnten Beschäftigungsverhältnis. Das durch diese Beschäftigung gebundene Arbeitsvolumen machte jedoch nur 2,6% der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Arbeitsleistung aus. In einigen Wirtschaftszweigen – wie beispielsweise dem Reinigungs- oder Verlagsgewerbe – sind derartige Beschäftigungsverhältnisse dennoch von substantieller Bedeutung.
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Bank Relationships and Firm Profitability
Hans Degryse, Steven Ongena
Financial Management,
No. 1,
2001
Abstract
This paper examines how bank relationships affect firm performance. An empirical implication of recent theoretical models is that firms maintaining multiple bank relationships are less profitable than their single-bank peers. We investigate this empirical implication using a data set containing virtually all Norwegian publicly listed firms for the period 1979-1995. We find that profitability is substantially higher if firms maintain only a single bank relationship. We also find that firms replacing a single bank relationship are on average smaller and younger than firms not replacing a single bank relationship.
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Relationship Lending within a Bank-Based System: Evidence from European Small Business Data
Hans Degryse, Patrick Van Cayseele
Journal of Financial Intermediation,
No. 1,
2000
Abstract
We investigate relationship lending using detailed contract information from nearly 18,000 bank loans to small Belgian firms operating within the continental European bank-based system. Specifically, we investigate the impact of different measures of relationship strength on price and nonprice terms of the loan contract. We test for the possibility of rent shifting by banks. The evidence shows two opposing effects. On the one hand, the loan rate increases with the duration of a bank–firm relationship. On the other hand, the scope of a relationship, defined as the purchase of other information-sensitive products from a bank, decreases the loan's interest rate substantially. Relationship duration and scope thus have opposite effects on loan rates, with the latter being more important. We also find that the collateral requirement is decreasing in the duration of the relationship and increasing in its scope.
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