The Impact of Bank and Non-bank Financial Institutions on Local Economic Growth in China
Xiaoqiang Cheng, Hans Degryse
Journal of Financial Services Research,
No. 2,
2010
Abstract
This paper provides evidence on the relationship between finance and growth in a fast growing country, such as China. Employing data of 27 Chinese provinces over the period 1995–2003, we study whether the financial development of two different types of financial institutions — banks and non-banks — have a (significantly different) impact on local economic growth. Our findings indicate that banking development shows a statistically significant and economically more pronounced impact on local economic growth.
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Specialization, Diversity, Competition and their Impact on Local Economic Growth in Germany
Martin T. W. Rosenfeld, Annette Illy, Michael Schwartz, Christoph Hornych
Abstract
This study systematically examines the impact of fundamental elements of urban economic structure on urban growth in Germany from 2003 to 2007. We test four elements simultaneously, that is sectoral specialization, diversification of economic activities, urban size as well as the impact of local competition. To account for the effect of varying spatial delimitations in the analysis of urban growth, we further differentiate between cities and planning regions as geographical units. The analysis covers manufacturing industries as well as service sectors. Most previous work produces inconsistent results and concentrates on localization economies and/or diversification, while urban size and the effect of local competition are widely ignored. Our regression results show a U-shaped relationship between localization economies and urban growth and positive effects of local competition on urban growth. With respect to diversification, we find positive effects on urban growth on the city-level, but insignificant results on the level of the planning regions. The impact of urban size also differs between free cities and planning regions; in the former a U-shaped relationship is found whereas the effect is inversely U-shaped for the latter.
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New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa – Institutional and Local Perspectives. African Development Perspectives Yearbook, Vol. 14
Tobias Knedlik, Karl Wohlmuth, Philippe Burger, Achim Gutowski, Mareike Meyn, T. (eds) Urban, Afeikhena Jerome
,
2009
Abstract
The Volume XIV analyses the “New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa“. Institutional issues and perspectives in designing new growth and poverty alleviation strategies are considered in various case studies (Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Botswana and Tanzania). Other studies deal with institutional problems of resource-rich countries after conflict (Sudan) and with the institutions to enhance environmental protection parallel to economic growth and poverty reduction (Niger). Further studies deal with institutions to bridge the gap between formal and informal entrepreneurial sectors in Kenya and Tanzania. Local issues and perspectives for designing new growth and poverty alleviation strategies are considered in case studies on rural-urban development gaps in Tanzania and on microfinance as an instrument for new growth and poverty alleviation strategies (Tanzania and Eritrea). A study on small farmers in Ghana provides information on the role they can play in value chains. Two studies on Nigeria highlight the local and the sub-regional health and poverty alleviation programmes and the relation to growth. Book reviews and book notes on the theme are part of the volume. This volume builds the foundation for a comprehensive strategy of policy reforms in Africa so as to integrate new growth and poverty alleviation strategies. Complementary to Volume XIV is Volume XIII on “New Growth and Poverty Alleviation Strategies for Africa - Interational and Regional Perspectives“. Both volumes are of importance for all those who work in African countries as officials, executives, managers, researchers, and policy-makers, but also for all those who actively support Africa's development concerns at the international, regional, country, local, and project levels. They will experience this Volume XIV and also the complementary Volume XIII as indispensable sources of insight, reference, and inspiration.
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Growth, Employment, Poverty Alleviation and Institutional Development – Lessons from Country Cases – An Introduction
Tobias Knedlik, Karl Wohlmuth
African Development Perspectives Yearbook, No. 14,
2009
Abstract
Economic growth is a central concept in judging the progress of economic development. Since the early years of economic sciences, economists aim to explain the differences in the production of goods and services among economies. Economic policy focuses on economic growth as the basis for the well-being of nations. The simple idea is that the extension of the productive capacity and finally the increase of consumption possibilities in an economy is the basis of all policies aiming to increase a nation’s welfare. It is therefore not surprising that aims of development policy are often linked to specific economic growth targets. So the United Nation’s Millennium Development Goals are assumed only to be achieved if a certain level of economic growth can be reached.
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Regional Growth and Finance in Europe: Is there a Quality Effect of Bank Efficiency?
Iftekhar Hasan, Michael Koetter, Michael Wedow
Journal of Banking and Finance,
No. 8,
2009
Abstract
In this study, we test whether regional growth in 11 European countries depends on financial development and suggest the use of cost- and profit-efficiency estimates as quality measures of financial institutions. Contrary to the usual quantitative proxies of financial development, the quality of financial institutions is measured in this study as the relative ability of banks to intermediate funds. An improvement in bank efficiency spurs five times more regional growth then an identical increase in credit does. More credit provided by efficient banks exerts an independent growth effect in addition to direct quantity and quality channel effects.
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Wie werden Städte zu Zentren der Kreativität und Innovation? Ein Bericht über das „2nd Halle Forum on Urban Economic Growth“ am IWH
Peter Franz, Martin T. W. Rosenfeld, Annette Illy
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 6,
2009
Abstract
Die Abteilung Stadtökonomik des IWH veranstaltete am 27. und 28. November 2008 das zweite Halle Forum on Urban Economic Growth. Die Forumsvorträge sowie die in das Programm eingebettete Podiumsdiskussion beschäftigten sich mit
der Frage, welche strategischen Handlungsmöglichkeiten Städten offenstehen, um sich als Zentren der Kreativität und Innovation entwickeln zu können. Diese Frage stellt sich insbesondere Städten in Transformationsökonomien, die durch einen erheblichen Strukturwandel gekennzeichnet sind und die nach Chancen für einen wirtschaftlichen Neuanfang Ausschau halten. Die Vorträge und Diskussionsbeiträge behandelten die allgemeine Bedeutung lokaler Kontextbedingungen für Kreativität, die Wissensvermittlung und verschiedene Ansätze, die entsprechenden Kontextbedingungen gezielt zu
gestalten. Neben Hinweisen zu praktikablen Handlungsstrategien für Städte mit Wissenschaftseinrichtungen lieferte das Forum ebenso die Erkenntnis, dass in mehrerlei Hinsicht noch weiterer Forschungsbedarf besteht. Insbesondere ist bislang ungenügend geklärt, über welche Wirkungskanäle Wissens-
Spillovers zwischen Wissenschaft und lokaler Wirtschaft verlaufen. Daneben muss die – auch im Verlauf der Tagung mehrfach erhobene – Forderung nach einer stärkeren Passung der Fächerstruktur der Wissenschaftseinrichtungen mit der Branchenstruktur der Wirtschaft in der Region noch durch weitere empirische Forschung auf ihre Angemessenheit hin überprüft werden. Darüber hinaus ist unklar, wie weit die unternehmerische Orientierung von Hochschulen getrieben werden kann, wie z. B. bei der wirtschaftlichen Verwertung der in ihren Mauern entwickelten Patente, ohne dass sich das Hochschulpersonal Identitätsproblemen und Konflikten mit den Werten des Wissenschaftssystems gegenübersieht.
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