FDI Micro Database – Methodological Note – Survey 2013 in East Germany and Selected CEE Countries
Andrea Gauselmann, Björn Jindra, Philipp Marek
Einzelveröffentlichungen,
2013
Abstract
With the integration of post-communist countries into the European and global economy
after 1990, there was strong research interest into the role of multinational enterprises
(MNEs) for economic restructuring and technological catching-up. Most of the existing
empirical studies on locational determinants of FDI and host country effects did not take
account of East Germany. This might be for different reasons: Firstly, theoretical and
empirical difficulties derive from the fact that East Germany followed a distinct transition
pattern as it became a region subsumed in a larger and more mature economy. Secondly,
East Germany received private investment from foreign as well as West German firms. Only
the first can be considered as a foreign direct investment (FDI). Finally, there had long been
a lack of micro data to adequately analyse the activities of corresponding firms from a
production as well as technological perspective.
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Aktuelle Trends: Verkehrte Welt? Produktivitätsfortschritt in Ostdeutschland am größten im ländlichen Raum
Gerhard Heimpold
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 6,
2013
Abstract
Ostdeutschland weist im Vergleich zu Westdeutschland bei der Produktivität im Durchschnitt immer noch eine Lücke von rund 20% auf, die sich in den vergangenen Jahren kaum mehr verringert hat. Der pauschale Ost-West-Vergleich verdeckt jedoch, dass Ostdeutschland regional gesehen nicht homogen ist. Bei räumlich differenzierter Betrachtung – hier unter Verwendung der Kreistypisierung des BBSR – zeigt sich, dass der Aufholprozess in punkto Produktivität in ländlichen Räumen stärker als in städtischen fortgeschritten ist.
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17.12.2013 • 43/2013
Verkehrte Welt? Ländlicher Raum in Ostdeutschland holt bei Produktivität am schnellsten auf
Ostdeutschland weist im Vergleich zu Westdeutschland bei der Produktivität im Durchschnitt immer noch eine Lücke von rund 20% auf, die sich in den vergangenen Jahren kaum mehr verringert hat. Der pauschale Ost-West-Vergleich verdeckt jedoch, dass Ostdeutschland regional gesehen nicht homogen ist. Bei räumlich differenzierter Betrachtung zeigt sich, dass der Aufholprozess in puncto Produktivität in ländlichen Räumen stärker fortgeschritten ist als in städtischen.
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MNEs and Regional R&D Co-operation: Evidence from Post-Transition Economies
Andrea Gauselmann
Grincoh Working Papers,
2013
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the literature by investigating the determinants of R&D co-operation between MNEs’ foreign subsidiaries and enterprises in the region of location, thereby leading to a better understanding which firm- and region-specific factors influence this co-operation behavior. Applying a logit model, this paper investigates which firm- and region-specific determinants influence technological cooperation between foreign subsidiaries and suppliers, customers, and research institutions in the region of location. Results suggest that especially the foreign subsidiary’s mandate in terms of R&D, its internal technological embeddedness, its technological capability but also the regional knowledge stock are positively associated with these co-operations. The analysis focuses on post-transition economies, using the example of five selected CEE countries and East Germany. We exploit a unique dataset - the IWH FDI Micro database - which holds information on 1,245 foreign subsidiaries in this region.
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Guest Editorial: Which Regions Benefit from Emerging Industries? Guest Editorial
Matthias Brachert, Uwe Cantner, H. Graf, Jutta Günther, Michael Schwartz
European Planning Studies,
No. 11,
2013
Abstract
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Determinants of Foreign Technological Activity in German Regions – A Count Model Analysis of Transnational Patents (1996-2009)
Eva Dettmann, Iciar Dominguez Lacasa, Jutta Günther, Björn Jindra
Abstract
This paper analyses the determinants of spatial distribution of foreign technological activity across 96 German regions (1996-2009). We identify foreign inventive activity by applying the ‘cross-border-ownership concept’ to transnational patent applications. The descriptive analysis shows that foreign technological activity more than doubled during the observation period with persistent spatial heterogeneity in Germany. Using a pooled count data model, we estimate the effect of various sources for externalities on the extent of foreign technological activity across regions. Our results show that foreign technological activity is attracted by technologically specialised sectors of regions. In contrast to existing findings this effect applies both to foreign as well as domestic sources of specialisation. We show that the relation between specialisation and foreign technological activity is non-linear and that it is influenced by sectoral heterogeneity. Externalities related to technological diversification attract foreign R&D only into ‘higher order’ regions.
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Start-up Competitions as an Instrument of Entrepreneurship Policy: The German Experience
Michael Schwartz, Maximilian Göthner, Claus Michelsen, N. Waldmann
European Planning Studies,
No. 10,
2013
Abstract
The number of aspiring entrepreneurs in high-tech industries who successfully complete the transition from a nascent start-up project towards an operational new venture is comparatively low in Germany. Since the mid-1990s, policy-makers have initiated numerous start-up competitions (SUCs or business plan competitions) to facilitate this important step in the venture creation process. SUCs have two key objectives. They are aimed at increasing start-up activity by motivating potential entrepreneurs, while they should also help to increase the likelihood of subsequent entrepreneurial success through providing necessary entrepreneurial skills to prospective entrepreneurs. With our explorative study, we provide the first comprehensive empirical evidence from a cross-sectional survey of existing SUCs in Germany. Overall, 71 SUCs are identified which are analysed regarding their development, regional distribution, and main structural characteristics. Finally, we outline an agenda of future research questions concerning the effectiveness and efficiency of SUCs as an instrument of entrepreneurship policy.
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The Social Capital Legacy of Communism-results from the Berlin Wall Experiment
Peter Bönisch, Lutz Schneider
European Journal of Political Economy,
No. 32,
2013
Abstract
In this paper we establish a direct link between the communist history, the resulting structure of social capital, and attitudes toward spatial mobility. We argue that the communist regime induced a specific social capital mix that discouraged geographic mobility even after its demise. Theoretically, we integrate two branches of the social capital literature into one more comprehensive framework distinguishing an open type and a closed type of social capital. Using the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) we take advantage of the natural experiment that separated Germany into two parts after the WWII to identify the causal effect of social capital on mobility. We estimate a three equation ordered probit model and provide strong empirical evidence for our theoretical propositions.
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Vierteljährliche Konjunkturberichterstattung für das Land Sachsen-Anhalt - Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Lage im 2. Quartal 2013 -
Brigitte Loose, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Franziska Exß
Einzelveröffentlichungen,
No. 2,
2013
Abstract
Die Wirtschaft in Sachsen-Anhalt schwenkt nach der Schwäche im Winterhalbjahr wieder auf Wachstumskurs ein. Damit vollzieht das preisbereinigte Bruttoinlandsprodukt in Sachsen-Anhalt tendenziell eine ähnliche Entwicklung wie in Deutschland insgesamt. Sehr wesentlich dazu beigetragen haben Aufholeffekte nach der witterungsbedingten Produktionsschwäche zu Jahresbeginn, die sich vor allem in einer Aufwärtsbewegung der Wertschöpfung im Baugewerbe und den baunahen Vorleistungsbranchen zeigt. Darüber hinaus zeichnet sich aber auch eine Erholung bei der Herstellung von Verbrauchs- und Investitionsgütern ab, wobei insbesondere das Ausland wieder eine größere Rolle als Absatzgebiet spielt. Maßgeblich dürften die sich allmählich bessernden Absatzperspektiven im Euroraum nach dem Ende der Rezession dort sein.
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Is There a Gap in the Gap? Regional Differences in the Gender Pay Gap
Boris Hirsch, Marion König, Joachim Möller
Scottish Journal of Political Economy,
No. 4,
2013
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate regional differences in the gender pay gap both theoretically and empirically. Within a spatial model of monopsonistic competition, we show that more densely populated labour markets are more competitive and constrain employers’ ability to discriminate against women. Utilizing a large administrative data set for western Germany and a flexible semi-parametric propensity score matching approach, we find that the unexplained gender pay gap for young workers is substantially lower in large metropolitan than in rural areas. This regional gap in the gap of roughly 10 percentage points remained surprisingly constant over the entire observation period of 30 years.
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