Interest Rate Convergence in the Euro-Candidate Countries: Volatility Dynamics of Sovereign Bond Yields
Hubert Gabrisch, Lucjan T. Orlowski
Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,
2010
Abstract
We argue that a “static“ specification of the Maastricht criterion for long-term bond yields is not conducive to assessing stability of financial systems in euro-candidate countries. Instead, we advocate a dynamic approach to assessing interest rate convergence to a common currency that is based on the analysis of financial system stability. Accordingly, we empirically test volatility dynamics of the ten-year sovereign bond yields of the 2004 EU accession countries in relation to the eurozone yields during the January 2, 2001-January 22, 2009, sample period. Our results show a varied degree of the relationship between domestic and eurozone sovereign bond yields, the most pronounced for the Czech Republic, Slovenia, and Poland, and weaker for Hungary and Slovakia. We find some divergence of relative bond yields since the EU accession.
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Works Councils and Separations: Voice, Monopoly, and Insurance Effects
Boris Hirsch, Thorsten Schank, Claus Schnabel
Industrial Relations,
No. 4,
2010
Abstract
Using a large linked employer–employee data set for Germany, we find that the existence of a works council is associated with a lower separation rate to employment, in particular for workers with low tenure. While works council monopoly effects show up in all specifications, clear voice effects are only visible for low tenured workers. Works councils also reduce separations to nonemployment, and this impact is more pronounced for men. Insurance effects only show up for workers with tenure of more than 2 years. Our results indicate that works councils to some extent represent the interests of a specific clientele.
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Currency Crisis Prediction Using ADR Market Data: An Options-based Approach
Stefan Eichler, Dominik Maltritz
International Journal of Forecasting,
No. 4,
2010
Abstract
During capital control episodes, large price deviations between American Depositary Receipts (ADR) and their underlying stocks signal that a currency crisis is about to occur. We interpret this price spread as the price of a call option. Using option pricing theory we derive detailed information about both the probability of a currency crisis and the expected magnitude of devaluation. Analyzing daily ADR market data preceding the Venezuelan crisis (1996), our approach predicts crisis probabilities of almost 100% and forecasts the exchange rate after floating quite accurately. During the Argentine crisis (2002), the estimated exchange rates are similar to the actual ones.
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Editorial
Diemo Dietrich
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
2010
Abstract
Die Politik in Europa will bei der Regulierung der Banken und Finanzmärkte Handlungswillen demonstrieren. Nahm man im Jahr 2009 schon Banker-Boni, Rating-Agenturen und Derivate an die Leine, haben die EU-Finanzminister jüngst den Aufbau europäischer Aufsichtsbehörden für Banken, Versicherungen und Wertpapiermärkte beschlossen. Grundsätzlich ist eine Zentralisierung von Aufsichtskompetenzen auf europäischer Ebene angemessen. Finanzinstitute werden nicht durch Staatsgrenzen eingeschränkt und verteilen Geschäftsteile, auch in Reaktion auf nationale Aufsichtsunterschiede, auf die für sie günstigsten Länder. Zudem haben die nationalen Aufsichtsbehörden in der Krise auf Probleme im Finanzsektor nicht immer angemessen reagiert, auch weil sie deren ganzes Ausmaß nicht erfassen wollten oder konnten.
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The Dilemma of Delegating Search: Budgeting in Public Employment Services
Martin Altemeyer-Bartscher, J. T. Addison, T. Kuhn
IZA Discussion Papers, No. 5170,
No. 5170,
2010
Abstract
The poor performance often attributed to many public employment services may be explained in part by a delegation problem between the central office and local job centers. In markets characterized by frictions, job centers function as match-makers, linking job seekers with relevant vacancies. Because their search intensity in contacting employers and collecting data is not verifiable by the central authority, a typical moral hazard problem can arise. To overcome the delegation problem and provide high-powered incentives for high levels of search effort on the part of job centers, we propose output-related schemes that assign greater staff capacity to agencies achieving high strike rates.
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10.08.2010 • 40/2010
Sachsen-Anhalts Wirtschaft holt in der Krise verlorenes Terrain langsam auf
Angetrieben von der florierenden Auslandsnachfrage holt die Wirtschaft Sachsen-Anhalts die in der Krise entstandenen Produktionsrückstände seit Mitte 2009 langsam wieder auf. Nach unserer Prognose wird das Bruttoinlandsprodukt in diesem Jahr mit einer Rate um 1½% wachsen und damit etwa so stark wie in den Neuen Ländern insgesamt. Damit bleibt das Land hinter der Aufwärtsdynamik in Deutschland deutlich zurück und das Produktionsniveau wird dann etwas über dem Stand im Jahr 2006 liegen. Ausschlaggebend für das Wachstumsgefälle sind die noch bestehenden Rückstände im Prozess der Re-Industrialisierung des Landes und die geringe Ausrichtung auf die Exportmärkte. Risiken gehen zudem vom in der Krise verzehrten Eigenkapital aus. Das ist das Ergebnis einer gemeinsamen Untersuchung des IWH mit dem Verband der Vereine Creditreform.
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The Role of Rating Agencies in Financial Crises: Event Studies from the Asian Flu
Makram El-Shagi
Cambridge Journal of Economics,
2010
Abstract
Based on case studies from countries that have been hit hardest by the Asian financial crisis of 1997, the present paper shows that the accusation that sovereign ratings led to a severe acceleration of the crisis is unconvincing and that the empirical method often used to support accusations against rating agencies is inappropriate for the problem under analysis. Rather, it must be emphasised that ratings were downgraded in most countries very shortly before the end of the crisis. In some countries, the ratings were even further downgraded after the end of the crisis as countries started to recover. This is not in line with the thesis that the crisis was accelerated by rating agencies.
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Is East Germany Catching Up? A Time Series Perspective
Bernd Aumann, Rolf Scheufele
Post-Communist Economies,
2010
Abstract
This article assesses whether the economy of East Germany is catching up with the West German region in terms of welfare. While the primary measure for convergence and catching up is per capita output, we also look at other macroeconomic indicators such as unemployment rates, wage rates and production levels in the manufacturing sector. In contrast to existing studies of convergence between regions of the reunified Germany, our approach is based purely upon the time series dimension and is thus directly focused on the catching up process in East Germany as a region. Our testing set-up includes standard ADF unit root tests as well as unit root tests that endogenously allow for a break in the deterministic component of the process. We find evidence of catching up for East Germany for most of the indicators. However, the convergence speed is slow, and thus it can be expected that the catching up process will take further decades until the regional gap is closed.
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