Effectiveness of Innovation Policies Biotechnology in Finland (1994-2001)
Iciar Dominguez Lacasa, Thomas Reiss
Efficiency of innovation policies in high technology sectors in Europe,
2004
Abstract
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Technology spillovers from external investors in East Germany: no overall effects in favor of domestic firms
Harald Lehmann, Jutta Günther
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 198,
2004
Abstract
The study deals with the question whether external (foreign and West German) investors in East Germany induce technological spillover effects in favor of domestic firms. It ties in with a number of other econometric spillover studies, especially for transition economies, which show rather mixed and inconclusive results so far. Different from existing spillover analyses, this study allows for a much deeper regional breakdown up to Raumordnungsregionen and uses a branch classification that explicitly considers intermediate and investment good linkages. The regression results show no positive correlation between the presence of external investors and domestic firms’ productivity, no matter which regional breakdown is looked at (East Germany as a whole, federal states, or Raumordnungsregionen). Technology spillovers which may exist in particular cases are obviously not strong enough to increase the domestic firms’ overall productivity.
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02.11.2004 • 37/2004
Innovative Kompetenzfelder, Produktionsnetzwerke und Branchenschwerpunkte der ostdeutschen Wirtschaft
Das Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung in Halle (IWH) hat eine empirische Untersuchung über die Branchenschwerpunkte, Produktionsnetzwerke und innovativen Kompetenzfelder in Ostdeutschland durchgeführt. „Diese Studie bringt mehr Transparenz in die wirtschaftlichen Strukturen der neuen Länder und zeigt, was in den letzten Jahren entstanden ist.“, hob Manfred Stolpe, der Beauftragte der Bundesregierung für die neuen Länder, hervor. Die Studie wurde im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Verkehr-, Bau- und Wohnungswesen erstellt.
Peter Franz
K. Schroeder
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Growth in biotechnology industry has come to a halt - is the industry still the great white hope?
Walter Komar
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 11,
2004
Abstract
Mit der Branche der modernen Biotechnologie hat sich weltweit ein neuer Wirtschaftszweig herausgebildet. In Deutschland setzte der Gründungsboom der Branche etwa 1996/1997 ein. Mittlerweile ist das Wachstum ins Stocken geraten. Der Biotechnologiesektor befindet sich in einer Konsolidierungsphase. Das Papier zeigt, dass sich infolge der Konsolidierung ein Kern von erfolgreichen Firmen herausbilden wird, der prosperiert und die Entwicklung der Branche tragen kann. Auch wirtschaftlich wenig fortgeschrittene Regionen haben eine Chance in der modernen Biotechnologie.
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Innovative Milieus in ostdeutschen Stadtregionen: "sticky places" der kreativen Klasse?
Peter Franz
Stadtregion und Wissen. Analysen und Plädoyers für eine wissensbasierte Stadtpolitik,
2004
Abstract
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Innovation cooperation: experiences from East and West Germany
Jutta Günther
Science and Public Policy,
2004
Abstract
This paper deals with innovation cooperation as a means to support the ongoing catch-up process of the East German economy. Against prevalent beliefs, it can be shown that East German enterprises are more often involved in innovation co-operation than West German firms, and differences in cooperation partner priorities only reflect the given structural differences between the two regions. While cooperating enterprises in East and West Germany are clearly more innovative than their non-cooperating counterparts, a productivity advantage of these firms is (so far) only observable in West Germany. Reasons for this surprising finding are discussed.
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Technological capability of foreign and West German investors in East Germany
Jutta Günther
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 189,
2004
Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an important role for countries or regions in the process of economic catching-up since it is assumed – among other things – that FDI brings in new production technology and knowledge. This paper gives an overview about the development of FDI in East Germany based on official data provided by the Federal Bank of Germany. The investigation also includes a comparison of FDI in East Germany to Central East European countries. But the main focus of the paper is an analysis of the technological capability comparing majority foreign and West German owned firms to majority East German owned firms. It shows that foreign and West German subsidiaries in East Germany are indeed characterized by superior technological capability with respect to all indicators looked at (product innovation, research & development, organizational changes etc.).
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The national German innovation system. Its development in different governmental and territorial structures
Hariolf Grupp, Iciar Dominguez Lacasa, Monika Friedrich-Nishio
The international handbook on innovation,
2003
Abstract
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Firm-Specific Determinants of Productivity Gaps between East and West German Industrial Branches
Johannes Stephan, Karin Szalai
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 183,
2003
Abstract
Industrial productivity levels of formerly socialist economies in Central East Europe (including East Germany) are considerably lower than in the more mature Western economies. This research aims at assessing the reasons for lower productivities at the firm level: what are the firm-specific determinants of productivity gaps. To assess this, we have conducted an extensive field study and focussed on a selection of two important manufacturing industries, namely machinery manufacturers and furniture manufacturers, and on the construction industry. Using the data generated in field work, we test a set of determinant-candidates which were derived from theory and prior research in that topic. Our analysis uses the simplest version of the matched-pair approach, in which first hypothesis about relevant productivity level-determinants are tested. In a second step, positively tested hypothesis are further assessed in terms of whether they also constitute firm-specific determinants of the apparent gaps between the firms in our Eastern and such in our Western panels. Our results suggest that the quality of human capital plays an important role in all three industrial branches assessed. Amongst manufacturing firms, networking activities and the use of modern technologies for communication are important reasons for the lower levels of labour productivity in the East. The intensity of long-term strategic planning on behalf of the management turned out to be relevant only for machinery manufacturers. Product and process innovations unexpectedly exhibit an ambiguous picture, as did the extent of specialisation on a small number of products in the firms’ portfolio and the intensity of competition.
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Innovative East German industrial companies do well in comparison with others - An empirical analysis based on the IAB company panel
Bärbel Laschke
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
2003
Abstract
Im Zeitraum 1999/2000 lag der Anteil der Produkterneuerungen im ostdeutschen Verarbeitenden Gewerbe über dem westdeutschen Niveau. Das Branchenmuster der Innovationsaktivitäten folgt der Industriestruktur. Produktinnovationen erfolgen am zahlreichsten in den anteilsmäßig größten Industriebranchen wie dem Verbrauchsgüter- und dem Ernährungsgewerbe. Allerdings deutet der hohe Anteil innovativer Betriebe in forschungsintensiven Branchen (Chemie, Elektrotechnik, Automobilbau) auf einen Strukturwandel hin. Anhand der Daten wird auch gezeigt, dass sich innovative Betriebe in ihren Leistungsparametern von nichtinnovativen positiv abheben und mit ihrer Investitions- und Beschäftigungsentwicklung zu den expandierenden gehören.
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