Are Rural Firms Left Behind? Firm Location and Perceived Job Attractiveness of High-skilled Workers
Matthias Brachert, Sabrina Jeworrek
Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society,
No. 1,
2024
Abstract
We conduct a discrete choice experiment to investigate how the location of a firm in a rural or urban region affects the perceived job attractiveness for university students and graduates and, therewith, contributes to the rural–urban divide. We characterize the attractiveness of a location based on several dimensions (social life, public infrastructure and connectivity) and vary job design and contractual characteristics of the job. We find that job offers from companies in rural areas are generally considered less attractive, regardless of the attractiveness of the region. The negative perception is particularly pronounced among persons of urban origin and singles. In contrast, for individuals with partners and kids this preference is less pronounced. High-skilled individuals who originate from rural areas have no specific regional preference at all.
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East Germany
The Nasty Gap 30 years after unification: Why East Germany is still 20% poorer than the West Dossier In a nutshell The East German economic convergence process is hardly…
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Stadtfrust und Landlust? Über regionale Präferenzen von hochqualifizierten Individuen
Matthias Brachert, Sabrina Jeworrek
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 2,
2023
Abstract
Die Verfügbarkeit von qualifizierten Arbeitskräften ist eine zentrale Voraussetzung für den Erfolg eines Unternehmens. Eine städtische Lohnprämie zieht Beschäftigte an und verstärkt den Urbanisierungstrend. In unserer Studie untersuchen wir, ob nicht nur die Lohnprämie, sondern auch der Unternehmensstandort selbst die Attraktivität eines Arbeitsplatzes beeinflusst. Mittels eines experimentellen Untersuchungsdesigns zeigen wir, dass hochqualifizierte Arbeitnehmer unabhängig vom gezahlten Lohn eine Präferenz für städtische Standorte haben, selbst wenn ländliche Standorte attraktive regionale Eigenschaften aufweisen. Der beobachtete Effekt ist allerdings getrieben von Personen, die in städtischen Gebieten aufgewachsen sind. Personen, die in ländlichen Gebieten aufgewachsen sind, zeigen dagegen keine regionalen Präferenzen, weder für noch gegen städtische Gebiete.
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Where to Go? High-skilled Individuals’ Regional Preferences
Sabrina Jeworrek, Matthias Brachert
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 27,
2022
Abstract
We conduct a discrete choice experiment to investigate how the location of a firm in a rural or urban region affects job attractiveness and contributes to the spatial sorting of university students and graduates. We characterize the attractiveness of a location based on several dimensions (social life, public infrastructure, connectivity) and combine this information with an urban or rural attribution. We also vary job design as well as contractual characteristics of the job. We find that job offers from companies in rural areas are generally considered less attractive. This is true regardless of the attractiveness of the region. The negative perception is particularly pronounced among persons with urban origin and singles. These persons rate job offers from rural regions significantly worse. In contrast, high-skilled individuals who originate from rural areas as well as individuals with partners and kids have no specific preference for jobs in urban or rural areas.
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Taxation and the International Mobility of Inventors
Ufuk Akcigit, Salomé Baslandze, Stefanie Stantcheva
American Economic Review,
No. 10,
2016
Abstract
We study the effect of top tax rates on “superstar” inventors’ international mobility since 1977, using panel data on inventors from the US and European Patent Offices. We exploit the differential impact of changes in top tax rates on inventors of different qualities. Superstar inventors' location choices are significantly affected by top tax rates. In our preferred specification, the elasticity to the net-of-tax rate of the number of domestic superstar inventors is around 0.03, while that of foreign superstar inventors is around 1. These elasticities are larger for inventors in multinational companies. An inventor is less sensitive to taxes in a country if his company performs a higher share of its research there.
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The Regional Distribution of Foreign Investment in Russia: Are Russians more Appealing to Multinationals as Consumers or as Natural Resource Holders?
K. Gonchar, Philipp Marek
Economics of Transition and Institutional Change,
No. 4,
2014
Abstract
This article conducts a plant-level study of the factors affecting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow to a large opening economy endowed with specific factor advantages. We conclude that the distribution of FDI in Russian regions depends on market access and can be most notably described by the knowledge-capital framework. Factor endowments built by natural resources are more successful in explaining the location decisions of export–platform affiliates. The impact of natural resources depends on how the availability of these resources is measured. The results reject the crowding out effects of resource FDI and prove co-location mode, when service investments are attracted to resource-rich regions. Labour cost advantages better explain the preferences of non-trading service affiliates.
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Are there Gender-specific Preferences for Location Factors? A Grouped Conditional Logit-model of Interregional Migration Flows in Germany
Lutz Schneider, Alexander Kubis
Schmollers Jahrbuch,
2010
Abstract
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Wertschätzung regionaler Standortfaktoren. Die Standortpräferenzen werden auf Basis einer Analyse von interregionalen Wanderungsströmen innerhalb Deutschlands analysiert. Die Untersuchung basiert auf einem Grouped Conditional Logit-Ansatz, wobei die Probleme der Unabhängigkeit von irrelevanten Alternativen und der Überdispersion berücksichtigt werden. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich zunächst, dass bei Frauen und Männern dieselben regionalen Charakteristika als Pull- oder aber als Push-Faktoren wirken. Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede werden aber hinsichtlich Stärke des Einflusses der einzelnen Faktoren sichtbar, vor allem im Hinblick auf das regionale Lohnniveau und das Angebot an Bildungseinrichtungen. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich, dass Frauen auch nach Kontrolle von Standortfaktoren mobiler sind als Männer.
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Are there Gender-specific Preferences for Location Factors? A Grouped Conditional Logit-model of Interregional Migration Flows in Germany
Lutz Schneider, Alexander Kubis
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 5,
2009
Abstract
The article analyses the question whether women and men differ in their tastes for location factors. The question is answered by quantifying the impact of location characteristics on interregional migration flows across Germany. The analysis is based on a grouped conditional logit approach. We augment the framework by controlling for violation of the independence of irrelevant alternatives assumption and for overdispersion. As a result, we find no differences in terms of direction of impact. However, the regressions confirm gender differences in terms of intensity, particularly regarding regional wage levels and the availability of educational institutions.
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