Are Rural Firms Left Behind? Firm Location and Perceived Job Attractiveness of High-skilled Workers
Matthias Brachert, Sabrina Jeworrek
Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society,
No. 1,
2024
Abstract
We conduct a discrete choice experiment to investigate how the location of a firm in a rural or urban region affects the perceived job attractiveness for university students and graduates and, therewith, contributes to the rural–urban divide. We characterize the attractiveness of a location based on several dimensions (social life, public infrastructure and connectivity) and vary job design and contractual characteristics of the job. We find that job offers from companies in rural areas are generally considered less attractive, regardless of the attractiveness of the region. The negative perception is particularly pronounced among persons of urban origin and singles. In contrast, for individuals with partners and kids this preference is less pronounced. High-skilled individuals who originate from rural areas have no specific regional preference at all.
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Where to Go? High-skilled Individuals’ Regional Preferences
Sabrina Jeworrek, Matthias Brachert
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 27,
2022
Abstract
We conduct a discrete choice experiment to investigate how the location of a firm in a rural or urban region affects job attractiveness and contributes to the spatial sorting of university students and graduates. We characterize the attractiveness of a location based on several dimensions (social life, public infrastructure, connectivity) and combine this information with an urban or rural attribution. We also vary job design as well as contractual characteristics of the job. We find that job offers from companies in rural areas are generally considered less attractive. This is true regardless of the attractiveness of the region. The negative perception is particularly pronounced among persons with urban origin and singles. These persons rate job offers from rural regions significantly worse. In contrast, high-skilled individuals who originate from rural areas as well as individuals with partners and kids have no specific preference for jobs in urban or rural areas.
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Miese Luft bei bester Oper
Reint E. Gropp
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 5,
2018
Abstract
Gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse? Wird es in Deutschland niemals geben. Die Städte und Gemeinden sollten etwas Besseres anstreben als Gleichmacherei.
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Plant-based Bioeconomy in Central Germany – A Mapping of Actors, Industries and Places
Wilfried Ehrenfeld, Frieder Kropfhäußer
Technology Analysis and Strategic Management,
No. 5,
2017
Abstract
The bioeconomy links industrial and agricultural research and production and is expected to provide growth, particularly in rural areas. However, it is still unclear which companies, research institutes and universities make up the bioeconomy. This makes it difficult to evaluate the policy measures that support the bioeconomy. The aim of this article is to provide an inventory of relevant actors in the three Central German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. First we take an in-depth look at the different sectors, outline the industries involved, note the location and age of the enterprises and examine the distribution of important European industrial activity classification (NACE) codes. Our results underline the fact that established industry classifications are insufficient in identifying the plant-based bioeconomy population. We also question the overly optimistic statements regarding growth potentials in rural areas and employment potentials in general.
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Plant-based Bioeconomy in Central Germany - Mapping of Actors, Industries and Places
Wilfried Ehrenfeld, Frieder Kropfhäußer
Abstract
The challenges facing the 21st century, presented by a growing global population, range from food security to sustainable energy supplies to the diminishing availability of fossil raw materials. An attempt to solve these problems is made by using the concept of bioeconomy. Plants, in particular, possess an important function in this context - they can be used either as a source of food or, in the form of biomass, for industrial or energy purposes. Linking industrial and agricultural research and production, bioeconomy provides growth potential, in particular in rural areas.
The aim of this article is therefore to outline the status of plant-based bioeconomy
in three states of Central Germany - Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia - and to compare this to German plant-based bioeconomy. We take an in-depth look at the different sectors and outline the industries involved, the location and age of the enterprises as well as the distribution of important NACE codes. In conclusion, we highlight the significant number of new or small enterprises and the high research and innovation rate of Central Germany. We also stress the future potential of Central German plant-based bioeconomy as well as the importance of a more plant-focusedview of the technology sector.
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Is There a Gap in the Gap? Regional Differences in the Gender Pay Gap
Boris Hirsch, Marion König, Joachim Möller
Scottish Journal of Political Economy,
No. 4,
2013
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate regional differences in the gender pay gap both theoretically and empirically. Within a spatial model of monopsonistic competition, we show that more densely populated labour markets are more competitive and constrain employers’ ability to discriminate against women. Utilizing a large administrative data set for western Germany and a flexible semi-parametric propensity score matching approach, we find that the unexplained gender pay gap for young workers is substantially lower in large metropolitan than in rural areas. This regional gap in the gap of roughly 10 percentage points remained surprisingly constant over the entire observation period of 30 years.
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Sweden’s Policy for Guaranteeing Service Provision Based on the Example of Jämtland
Franziska Jungermann
Europa Regional,
No. -1,
2012
Abstract
Die nordschwedische Provinz Jämtland zählt zu den am dünnsten besiedelten Regionen Europas und ist aufgrund ihrer ländlich‐peripheren Prägung und einer dispersen Siedlungsstruktur in besonderer Weise gefordert, adäquate Daseinsvorsorgeangebote aufrechtzuerhalten. Im Rahmen einer empirischen Studie wurden die Kinder‐ und Altenbetreuung sowie die Erwachsenenbildung exemplarisch in der Provinz Jämtland dahingehend analysiert, wie die Angebote in diesen Bereichen organisiert sind, wie sich der demografische Wandel auf das Angebot auswirkt und ob Anpassungsprozesse zu beobachten sind. Es zeigte sich, dass es zwar ein deutliches Bewusstsein für die mit dem demografischen Wandel verbundenen Probleme seitens der lokalen Akteure gibt, dass bisher jedoch noch nicht von expliziten Anpassungsprozessen gesprochen werden kann.
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School Closures and Population Decline in Saxony-Anhalt
Walter Hyll, Lutz Schneider
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 6,
2011
Abstract
Grundschulschließungen werden kritisiert und gefürchtet. Besonders in peripheren Regionen verbindet sich mit der Aufgabe einer Schule vielfach die Sorge des demographischen Unterganges der Gemeinde infolge einer Abwanderung junger Eltern und ausbleibender Zuwanderung junger Familien. Sind Grundschulschließungen aber tatsächlich Ursache einer Verschlechterung der Wanderungsbilanz? Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird diese Fragestellung für die Familienwanderung zwischen Gemeinden Sachsen- Anhalts im Zeitraum von 1991 bis 2008 beantwortet. Die Untersuchung vergleicht im ersten Schritt die Wanderungsraten von Gemeinden mit unterschiedlicher Grundschulausstattung. Im zweiten Schritt wird die Querschnittsbetrachtung um eine Längsschnittanalyse ergänzt: Hier interessiert die Frage, ob sich das Wanderungsverhalten ändert, wenn die letzte Schule einer Gemeinde geschlossen wird. Der Analyse zufolge übt die schulische Infrastruktur von Gemeinden in Sachsen-Anhalt einen signifikanten
Einfluss auf das Wanderungsverhalten der Familien mit jüngeren Kindern aus. So zeigt sich, dass nach der Schließung der letzten Grundschule die Zuzüge zurückgehen; überraschenderweise reduzieren sich jedoch auch die Fortzüge. Da sich beide Effekte gegenseitig gerade aufheben, ist eine Wirkung der Schließung per saldo jedoch nicht mehr erkennbar. Damit ist das Problem eines sich selbst verstärkenden Schrumpfungsprozesses zumindest mit Blick auf junge Familien empirisch nicht ersichtlich.
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