Poison Bonds
Shuo Xia, Rex Wang Renjie
SSRN Discussion Paper,
2023
Abstract
This paper documents the rise of "poison bonds", which are corporate bonds that allow bondholders to demand immediate repayment in a change-of-control event. The share of poison bonds among new issues has grown substantially in recent years, from below 20% in the 90s to over 60% after 2005. This increase is predominantly driven by investment-grade issues. We provide causal evidence that the pressure to eliminate poison pills has led firms to issue poison bonds as an alternative. Further analyses suggest that this practice entrenches incumbent managers, coincidentally benefits bondholders, but destroys shareholder value. Holding a portfolio of firms that remove poison pills but promptly issue poison bonds results in negative abnormal returns of -7.3% per year. Our findings have important implications for understanding the agency benefits and costs of debt: (1) more debt does not necessarily discipline the management; and (2) even without financial distress, managerial entrenchment can lead to conflicts between shareholders and creditors.
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IWH-FDI-Mikrodatenbank
IWH-FDI-Mikrodatenbank Die IWH-FDI-Mikrodatenbank (FDI = Foreign Direct Investment) umfasst eine in der Projektlaufzeit ständig aktualisierte Grundgesamtheit von…
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Das IWH auf der Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2019 "30 Jahre Mauerfall" - Demokratie und Marktwirtschaft
IWH-BROWN-BAG-PANEL "Ost-West-Produktivitätslücke: Ursachen und Folgen" Ostdeutschlands Wirtschaft konnte anfänglich ihre Produktivität gegenüber den westdeutschen Verhältnissen…
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Lecturers
Lecturers at CGDE Institutions Jordan Adamson Assistant Professor at Institute for Empirical Economic Research, Leipzig University. Website Course: Econometrics (winter term…
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Job Market Guide and Advice
Job Market Guide and Advice A Guide and Advice for Economists on the U.S. Junior Academic Job Market (PDF, 410 kB) This guide, written by John Cawley (Cornell University) and…
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Gebietsstands-Transformation Deutschland
Schlüsselbrücken zur Gebietsstands-Transformation in Deutschland Der Staat besitzt die Möglichkeit, innerhalb seiner Staatsgrenzen die ursprüngliche räumliche Struktur seiner…
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Daten
Schlüsselbrücken zur Gebietsstands-Transformation in Deutschland – Daten Zur Demonstration, in welcher Form die Daten aufbereitet und angeboten werden, stellen wir aus den…
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Projekte
Unsere Projekte 07.2022 ‐ 12.2026 Evaluierung des InvKG und des Bundesprogrammes STARK Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz (BMWK) Im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums…
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Do Role Models Matter in Large Classes? New Evidence on Gender Match Effects in Higher Education
Stephan Maurer, Guido Schwerdt, Simon Wiederhold
IWH Discussion Papers,
Nr. 14,
2023
Abstract
It is well established that female students perform better when taught by female professors. However, little is known about the mechanisms explaining these gender match effects. Using administrative records from a German public university, which cover all programs and courses between 2006 and 2018, we show that gender match effects are sizable in smaller classes, but are absent in larger classes. These results suggest that direct and frequent interactions between students and professors are crucial for gender match effects to emerge. In contrast, the mere fact that one’s professor is female is not sufficient to increase performance of female students.
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Skill Mismatch and the Costs of Job Displacement
Frank Neffke, Ljubica Nedelkoska, Simon Wiederhold
Abstract
Establishment closures have lasting negative consequences for the workers they displace from their jobs. We study how these consequences vary with the amount of skill mismatch that workers experience after job displacement. Developing new measures of occupational skill redundancy and skill shortage, we analyze the work histories of individuals in Germany between 1975 and 2010. We estimate differencein- differences models, using a sample of displaced workers who are matched to statistically similar non-displaced workers. We find that displacements increase the probability of occupational change eleven-fold. Moreover, the magnitude of postdisplacement earnings losses strongly depends on the type of skill mismatch that workers experience in such job switches. Whereas skill shortages are associated with relatively quick returns to the counterfactual earnings trajectories that displaced workers would have experienced absent displacement, skill redundancy sets displaced workers on paths with permanently lower earnings. We show that these differences can be attributed to differences in mismatch after displacement, and not to intrinsic differences between workers making different post-displacement career choices.
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