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EFN Report Spring 2016: Economic Outlook for the Euro Area in 2016 and 2017

EFN Reports, No. 2, 2016
Abstract
Global growth will stay rather moderate this year. The peak of the upswing in the US appears to be over. For Japan, after three years of “Abenomics”, a prolonged upswing is still elusive. In China low profitability and high debt levels of many government-owned industrial firms continue to drag growth down. The low prices for commodities heighten uncertainty and volatility on financial markets since they increase the risks of financial crises in economies that are dependent on commodity exports. In the euro area, chances for the recovery to continue are good, as this year, like in 2015, oil prices will probably be markedly lower than they were a year ago, supporting real income of private households and lowering production costs of firms. In this context, our forecast is that euro area GDP will expand by 1.6% in 2016 and by 1.7% in 2017. These rates are higher than the rate of potential growth, but they are arguably low given the expansive monetary policy and the strong stimulus from decreased commodity prices. We do not expect an increase in euro area inflation during 2016, but prices will grow by around 1% in 2017, because the dampening effects of decreasing energy prices slowly fade off and the euro remains rather weak. However, risks for this cautiously optimistic forecast are substantial. New shadows on the financial sector, the uncertainty about whether or not the British will vote in favour of membership in the European Union and the lack of a viable political solution for the refugee crisis are some of the main uncertainties behind these forecasts.
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Regional Capital Flows and Economic Regimes: Evidence from China

Liuchun Deng, Boqun Wang
Economics Letters, April 2016
Abstract
Using provincial data from China, this paper examines the pattern of capital flows in relation to the transition of economic regimes. We show that fast-growing provinces experienced less capital inflows before the large-scale market reform, contrary to the prediction of the neoclassical growth theory. As China transitioned from the central-planning economy to the market economy, the negative correlation between productivity growth and capital inflows became much less pronounced. From a regional perspective, this finding suggests domestic institutional factors play an important role in shaping the pattern of capital flows.
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16.03.2016 • 10/2016

German Economy Stays Stable Despite Shaky Environment

The German economy had a good start into the year 2016, in spite of heightened risks for the world economy and political turmoil in Europe. Employment and incomes are expanding, as is internal de-mand, additionally supported by government spending related to the high number of newly arrived refugees. However, sliding sentiment indicates a temporary slow down of the economy during this spring. We assume that the present political tensions inside the European Union can be mitigated in the coming months and that confidence will rise again. All in all, gross domestic product (GDP) is forecast to rise by 1.5% in 2016.

Oliver Holtemöller
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EFN Report Winter 2015/16: Economic Outlook for the Euro Area in 2016 and 2017

EFN Reports, No. 1, 2016
Abstract
At present, growth in manufacturing and investment activity are weak, particularly in China but, to a lesser extent, in advanced economies as well. World activity in many service sectors, however, proves resilient. Worldwide demand is primarily backed by low interest rates and low prices for energy and commodities. However, the latter also cause serious risks for the stability of economies that are dependent on commodity export revenues. Since the sovereign debt crisis began to recede during 2013, fiscal policies have become ever less restrictive in most member states of the currency union. In 2016, fiscal policy in the euro area will even become a bit expansive. However, we expect only a moderate acceleration of the recovery in the euro area, because foreign demand will not expand by much due to the weakness of emerging market economies, and internal demand will still be dragged down by high debt levels of firms and households in many member countries. In particular, according to our forecasts, the euro area GDP will grow by 1.8% in 2016 and 2017, and this will be accompanied by a decline in the unemployment rate below 10%. Our inflation forecast for 2016 is 1.1%. For 2017, we expect inflation to increase up to 1.5% as during next year the dampening effects of decreasing energy prices will slowly fade off.
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Robuste Binnenkonjunktur kompensiert schwächere Exportdynamik

Konjunktur aktuell, No. 5, 2015
Abstract
Trotz beträchtlicher Schwankungen auf den Währungs-, Kapital- und Rohstoffmärkten expandiert die Weltproduktion moderat und ohne große Schwankungen. Die USA und Großbritannien sind im Aufschwung, und der Euroraum erholt sich zögerlich. In China hat sich die Konjunktur nach einer ausgeprägten Schwächephase zu Beginn des Jahres 2015 wieder stabilisiert, während die Rezessionen in Russland und Brasilien anhalten. Beide großen Schwellenländer leiden an den starken Rückgängen der Preise für ihre Rohstoffexporte. Weltweit robust ist dagegen die Konjunktur in den Dienstleistungsbereichen.
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16.12.2015 • 45/2015

German Economy: Strong domestic demand compensates for weak exports

The upturn of the German economy is expected to gain further momentum as a consequence of strong domestic demand. Real gross domestic product is expected to increase by 1.6% in 2016. Consumer prices are expected to rise by 0.9%. Unemployment is expected to rise slightly because it will take time to integrate refugees into the labour market.

Oliver Holtemöller
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Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Herbst 2015: Deutsche Konjunktur stabil – Wachstumspotenziale heben

Wirtschaft im Wandel, No. 5, 2015
Abstract
Die Weltproduktion dürfte im Herbst 2015 wie schon in der ersten Jahreshälfte nur in mäßigem Tempo expandieren. Die im Frühjahr erwartete Beschleunigung ist also ausgeblieben. Akzentuiert haben sich die bereits seit 2014 beobachteten Unterschiede zwischen den Regionen. In den meisten fortgeschrittenen Volkswirtschaften ist die Konjunktur recht robust. In einer Reihe von Schwellenländern hat sich die Wirtschaftslage hingegen nochmals verschlechtert. Insbesondere häufen sich Anzeichen einer Verschärfung der Probleme in China.
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Consequences of China’s Opening to Foreign Banks

Ran Li, Xiang Li, Wen Lei, Yiping Huang
L. Song, R. Garnaut, C. Fang, L. Johnston (Hrsg.), China's Domestic Transformation in a Global Context. Acton: ANU Press, forthcoming
Abstract
China’s government has recently implemented additional reforms to relax the regulatory environment for foreign banks. Specifically, State Council Order No. 657, signed by Premier Li Keqiang, announced a decision to revise the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of Foreign-Funded Banks, effective from 1 January 2015. Implications of the revised regulations include removal of the requirement that a minimum of RMB100 million operating capital be transferred unconditionally from the overseas parent bank to the newly opened Chinese branch. In addition, in terms of the conditions attached to the right to carry out RMB-denominated activity, foreign banks are now eligible to apply to undertake local currency business after operating in China for one year—down from the previous three years. The requirement for two consecutive years of profit will be scrapped as well.
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Gemeinschaftsdiagnose Frühjahr 2015: Kräftiger Aufschwung dank günstigem Öl und schwachem Euro (Kurzfassung)

Wirtschaft im Wandel, No. 2, 2015
Abstract
Die Weltproduktion dürfte im Frühjahr 2015 leicht beschleunigt expandieren. Starke Impulse gehen von dem kräftig gesunkenen Rohölpreis aus, der sich seit Juni 2014 in etwa halbierte. Der Ölpreisverfall ist wohl überwiegend auf ölmarktspezifische Ursachen zurückzuführen und hat schon Ende 2014 die konjunkturelle Belebung in den fortgeschrittenen Volkswirtschaften befördert. In den großen Schwellenländern ist die Konjunktur dagegen insgesamt eher schwach: In China geht das Expansionstempo auch wegen fallender Immobilienpreise seit Mitte 2014 zurück. In Brasilien stagniert die Produktion nahezu, und Russland befindet sich derzeit wohl in einer Rezession.
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Internationale Konjunkturprognose und konjunkturelle Stressszenarien für die Jahre 2014 bis 2018

Andrej Drygalla, Oliver Holtemöller, Axel Lindner
IWH Online, No. 3, 2015
Abstract
In der vorliegenden Studie werden zunächst die weltweiten konjunkturellen Aussichten für das Ende des Jahres 2014 und für die Jahre 2015 bis 2018 dargestellt. Dabei wird folgender Länderkreis betrachtet: Deutschland, Frankreich, Italien, Spanien, die Niederlande, Belgien, Griechenland, Portugal, Irland, Großbritannien, Schweden, Polen, Tschechien, Russland, USA, Kanada, Mexiko, Brasilien, Türkei, Japan, Südkorea, China, Australien. Es werden zudem auch negative und positive Risikoszenarien für die konjunkturelle Entwicklung dargestellt. In einem zweiten Teil der Studie werden die zu erwartenden Effekte eines Primärenergiepreisschocks auf die Konjunktur der oben genannten Länder und die Welt untersucht.
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