27.09.2018 • 19/2018
Upswing in East Germany has slowed, but continues – implications of the joint forecast of the German economic research institutes in autumn 2018 and of official data for the Eastern German economy in the first half of 2018
The German institutes forecast a slowdown in the cyclical upswing in Germany. Foreign demand, in particular from other euro area countries, has eased, and capacity constraints make it increasingly difficult for companies to expand production. Both arguments apply to East Germany as well: high vacancy rates indicate that labour may be even scarcer than in the West despite higher unemployment. Moreover, a particularly high proportion of East German exports go to other European countries. Important drivers of growth in the East, however, are still intact: unlike the manufacturing sector, services have been rising a bit faster in recent years in East Germany than in the West. Providers of services benefit from significantly rising disposable incomes of private households, as employment is currently expanding healthily and at only a slightly slower pace than in West Germany, despite poorer demographic conditions. Retirement pensions in East Germany have also been increased considerably.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read
27.09.2018 • 18/2018
Joint Economic Forecast Autumn 2018: Upturn Loses Momentum
Berlin, 27 September – Germany’s leading economics research institutes have downwardly revised their forecasts for 2018 and 2019. They now expect economic output to increase by 1.7 percent in 2018, and not 2.2 percent as forecast in spring. They also scaled back their 2019 forecast slightly from 2.0 to 1.9 percent. These are the results of the Joint Economic Forecast for autumn 2018 that will be presented in Berlin on Thursday.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read
Upturn Loses Momentum – World Economic Climate Grows Harsher: Joint Economic Forecast Autumn 2018
Externe Monographien,
No. 2,
2018
Abstract
Der Aufschwung in Deutschland geht in sein sechstes Jahr. Er hat allerdings an Fahrt eingebüßt. Dies hat sowohl nachfrageseitige als auch angebotsseitige Gründe. Zum einen hat sich das Auslandsgeschäft im Einklang mit der Verlangsamung der Konjunktur in den wichtigsten deutschen Absatzmärkten abgeschwächt. Zum anderen sehen sich Unternehmen allem Anschein nach zunehmend produktionsseitigen Engpässen gegenüber, vor allem bei Arbeitskräften und beim Bezug von Vorleistungsgütern. Überlagert wird dies durch Probleme in der Automobilindustrie im Zusammenhang mit der Einführung des neuen Prüfverfahrens WLTP, die aufgrund der hohen gesamtwirtschaftlichen Bedeutung der Branche sichtbare Spuren beim Zuwachs des Bruttoinlandsprodukts hinterlassen. Die Umstellungsprobleme dürften aber im Winterhalbjahr überwunden werden. Hinzu kommen Impulse aufgrund von finanzpolitischen Maßnahmen, die zum Jahresbeginn 2019 in Kraft treten. Im Durchschnitt dürfte die Wirtschaftsleistung nach einem Zuwachs um 1,7 Prozent in diesem Jahr mit Raten von 1,9 Prozent im Jahr 2019 und 1,8 Prozent im Jahr 2020 expandieren. Die Beschäftigung dürfte weiter spürbar, wenngleich mit abnehmendem Tempo ausgeweitet werden. Die registrierte Arbeitslosigkeit nähert sich gegen Ende des Prognosezeitraums wohl der Marke von 2 Millionen. Die Inflation wird sich dabei voraussichtlich von 1,8 Prozent im Durchschnitt dieses Jahres auf 2,0 Prozent im kommenden Jahr beschleunigen und 2020 bei 1,9 Prozent liegen. Trotz einer expansiv ausgerichteten Finanz-politik zeichnen sich für den Staat weiterhin Haushaltsüberschüsse ab, die allerdings von 54 Milliarden Euro auf 41 Milliarden Euro zurückgehen werden.
Read article
Expectation Formation, Financial Frictions, and Forecasting Performance of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Models
Oliver Holtemöller, Christoph Schult
Abstract
In this paper, we document the forecasting performance of estimated basic dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models and compare this to extended versions which consider alternative expectation formation assumptions and financial frictions. We also show how standard model features, such as price and wage rigidities, contribute to forecasting performance. It turns out that neither alternative expectation formation behaviour nor financial frictions can systematically increase the forecasting performance of basic DSGE models. Financial frictions improve forecasts only during periods of financial crises. However, traditional price and wage rigidities systematically help to increase the forecasting performance.
Read article
14.06.2018 • 14/2018
Current economic outlook: German upswing is slowing down
In summer 2018, the world economy is still rather strong. Dynamics in the euro area, however, have declined markedly, and the cyclical upswing in Germany has almost stalled, due to weaker exports. “Gross domestic product will, according to this forecast, expand by 1.7% in 2018 and by 1.6% in 2019. Growth in East Germany will be about as strong as in Germany as a whole”, says Oliver Holtemöller, head of the Department Macroeconomics and vice president at IWH.
Oliver Holtemöller
Read
What Type of Finance Matters for Growth? Bayesian Model Averaging Evidence
Iftekhar Hasan, Roman Horvath, Jan Mares
World Bank Economic Review,
No. 2,
2018
Abstract
We examine the effect of finance on long-term economic growth using Bayesian model averaging to address model uncertainty in cross-country growth regressions. The literature largely focuses on financial indicators that assess the financial depth of banks and stock markets. We examine these indicators jointly with newly developed indicators that assess the stability and efficiency of financial markets. Once we subject the finance-growth regressions to model uncertainty, our results suggest that commonly used indicators of financial development are not robustly related to long-term growth. However, the findings from our global sample indicate that one newly developed indicator—the efficiency of financial intermediaries—is robustly related to long-term growth.
Read article
Public Investment Subsidies and Firm Performance – Evidence from Germany
Matthias Brachert, Eva Dettmann, Mirko Titze
Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik,
No. 2,
2018
Abstract
This paper assesses firm-level effects of the single largest investment subsidy programme in Germany. The analysis considers grants allocated to firms in East German regions over the period 2007 to 2013 under the regional policy scheme Joint Task ‘Improving Regional Economic Structures’ (GRW). We apply a coarsened exact matching (CEM) in combination with a fixed effects difference-in-differences (FEDiD) estimator to identify the effects of programme participation on the treated firms. For the assessment, we use administrative data from the Federal Statistical Office and the Offices of the Länder to demonstrate that this administrative database offers a huge potential for evidence-based policy advice. The results suggest that investment subsidies have a positive impact on different dimensions of firm development, but do not affect overall firm competitiveness. We find positive short- and medium-run effects on firm employment. The effects on firm turnover remain significant and positive only in the medium-run. Gross fixed capital formation responses positively to GRW funding only during the mean implementation period of the projects but becomes insignificant afterwards. Finally, the effect of GRW-funding on labour productivity remains insignificant throughout the whole period of analysis.
Read article
