Environmental policy under product differentiation and asymmetric costs - Does leapfrogging occur and is it worth it?
Jacqueline Rothfels
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 124,
2000
Abstract
This paper studies the influence of environmental policies on environmental quality, domestic firms, and welfare. Point of departure is Porter’s hypothesis that unilateral environmental regulation may enhance the competitiveness of domestic firms. This hypothesis has recently received considerable support in theoretical analyses, especially if imperfectly competitive markets with strategic behavior on behalf of the agents are taken into account. Our work contributes to this literature by explicitely investigating the implications of asymmetric cost structures between a domestic and a foreign firm sector. We use a partial-equilibrium model of vertical product differentiation, where the consumption of a product causes environmental harm. Allowing for differentiated products, the domestic industry can either assume the market leader position or lag behind in terms of the environmental quality of the produced product. Assuming as a benchmark case that the domestic industry lags behind, we investigate the possibility of the government to induce leapfrogging of the domestic firm, i.e. a higher quality produced by the domestic firm after regulation than that of the competitor prior to regulation. It is shown that in the case of a cost advantage for the domestic firm in the production process the imposition of a binding minimum quality standard can serve as a tool to induce leapfrogging. In case of a cost disadvantage the same result can be achieved through an adequate subsidization of quality dependend production costs. Thus, careful regulation enables the domestic firm in both scenarios to better its competitive position against foreign competitors and to earn larger profits. Additionally, environmental quality and welfare can be enhanced.
Read article
East German economy between high in industry and low in construction also in 2000
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Brigitte Loose, Udo Ludwig
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 4,
2000
Abstract
Im Aufsatz wird die Entwicklung in Ostdeutschland ex-post bis 1999 analysiert und für die Jahre 2000 und 2001 wird eine Prognose abgegeben. Wegen der relativ geringen Außenorientierung wird die Beschleunigung des Wachstums der ostdeutschen Wirtschaft im Prognosezeitraum mit dem Übergreifen des konjunkturellen Aufschwungs in Westeuropa auf die binnenwirtschaftlichen Auftriebskräfte in Deutschland verknüpft. In ausführlicher Form werden die Wachstumschancen und Probleme der großen Wirtschaftsbereiche “Verarbeitendes Gewerbe“ und “Baugewerbe“ analysiert, wobei Produktivität, Löhne und Lohnstückkosten eine zentrale Rolle spielen.
Read article
The Total Cost of Trading Belgian Shares: Brussels versus London
Hans Degryse
Journal of Banking and Finance,
No. 9,
1999
Abstract
Since 1990, London’s SEAQ International (SEAQ-I) has attracted considerable trading volume in Belgian equities. This paper investigates competition between the Brussels CATS market and London’s SEAQ-I. Toward this end, we gathered extensive limit order book data as well as transactions and quotation information. With regard to liquidity (indirect costs), measured by the quoted and effective bid–ask spread, the paper concludes that CATS outperforms SEAQ International for both measures. The effective spread is of course substantially smaller than the quoted spread, with the CATS effective spread showing a U-shaped form. This paper, unique in employing an extensive data set that includes all hidden orders and the whole limit order book, produces results in line with the different market microstructure models. Total trading costs on CATS are lower (higher) for small (large) trade sizes.
Read article
East German business cycle 1999 and 2000: Coexistence of growth and shrinking processes continue in weaker form
Brigitte Loose, Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch, Udo Ludwig
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 9,
1999
Abstract
Im Aufsatz wird die Entwicklung in Ostdeutschland ex-post bis 1998 analysiert und für die Jahre 1999 und 2000 wird eine Prognose abgegeben. In ausführlicher Form werden die Wachstumschancen und Probleme der großen Wirtschaftsbereiche “Verarbeitendes Gewerbe“ und “Baugewerbe“ dargestellt. Aufgrund der Spaltung der Entwicklung zwischen diesen beiden Wirtschaftsbereichen kommt der seit 1997 ins Stocken geratene Aufholprozess im Prognosezeitraum noch nicht wieder in Gang, da auch die Produktion im früheren Bundesgebiet mindestens in ähnlich starkem Maße anziehen wird.
Read article
East German paper industry: Stable employment figures and labor cost advantages
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 15,
1998
Abstract
In diesem aktuellen Trend werden die im Jahr 1995 pro Arbeiter wöchentlich geleisteten Überstunden nach Industriebranchen dargestellt. Zugleich wird die Vergütung einer Überstunde im Vergleich zu einer Normalarbeitsstunde betrachtet. Die entsprechenden westdeutschen Werte werden als Referenzgrößen herangezogen.
Read article
Capital movements, migration and trade considering transaction costs
Michael Seifert
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 80,
1998
Abstract
Read article
Sunk Costs and Economic Policy
Ulrich Blum, J. Mönius
WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium,
No. 1,
1998
Abstract
Read article
The initial industrial situation before the introduction of the energy tax; energy consumption and energy costs as starting point for future charges and relief
Martin Weisheimer
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 83,
1998
Abstract
Read article
Current trends – Labor cost burden in East Germany still higher than in Central and Eastern Europe
Hubert Gabrisch
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 5,
1998
Abstract
Read article
Labor cost subsidies for East German companies – A new instrument with old defects? – A commentary
Birgit Schultz
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 4,
1998
Abstract
Es werden die Effekte von Strukturanpassungsmaßnahmen für ostdeutsche Wirtschaftsunternehmen diskutiert und Stellung genommen.
Read article
