Bank-Firm Relationships and International Banking Markets
Hans Degryse, Steven Ongena
International Journal of the Economics of Business,
No. 3,
2002
Abstract
This paper reviews how long-term relationships between firms and banks shape the structure and integration of banking markets worldwide. Bank relationships arise to span informational asymmetries that are endemic in financial markets. Firm-bank relationships not only entail specific benefits and costs for both the engaged firms and banks, but also directly affect the structure of banking markets. In particular, the sunk cost of screening and monitoring activities and the 'informational capital' collected by the incumbent banks may act as a barrier to entry. The intensity of the existing firm-bank relationships will determine the height of this barrier and shape the structure of international banking markets. For example, in Scandinavia where firms maintain few and strong relationships, foreign banks may only be able to enter successfully through mergers and acquisitions. On the other hand, Southern European firms maintain many bank relationships. Therefore, banks may consider entering Southern European banking markets through direct investment.
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Korean unification and banking system - An analysis in view of German experiences and Korean differences
Ralf Müller
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 139,
2001
Abstract
One of the reforms that have to be launched in a future unification process in Korea, which seems possible after the political negotiations last year, is the transformation of the North Korean banking system. The question arises whether Korea could profit from the German experience where banking transformation was one of the rather few success stories in unification. In 1990 the East German banking transformation was achieved relatively fast and uncomplicated due to considerable direct investments of the West German banks compounded with state guarantees for bad loans resulting from the credit business with existing GDR-corporations. Unfortunately, South Korea currently lacks some major prerequesites that contributed to the German banking unification, among them – and probably the most important one – is the lack of a sound and efficient banking
system that could become active in the North. Consequently, depending on the circumstances of a future Korean unification either a more gradual process is recommended or, if inner-Korean migration requires a more dynamic transition, considerable investment by foreign banks and assistance from international organisations is recommended.
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FDI and Corporate Tax Revenue: Tax Harmonization or Competition?
Reint E. Gropp, Kristina Kostial
Finance & Development,
No. 2,
2001
Abstract
OECD countries with high corporate tax rates have experienced both high net outflows of foreign direct investment and a decline in corporate tax revenue. Identification of a causal link between these two trends has implications for the debate on tax harmonization versus tax competition.
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Technologietransfer durch ausländische Direktinvestitionen in Mittelosteuropa am Beispiel Ungarns
Jutta Günther
Wirtschaft und Außenpolitk im Osten Europas, Beiträge zur 8. Brühler Tagung junger Osteuropa-Experten,
2000
Abstract
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Foreign direct investment in Central and Eastern European reform countries – A projection
Thomas Meißner
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 5,
1999
Abstract
Im Jahre 1998 zeigten sich in Mittel- und Osteuropa wieder insgesamt steigende, in vielen Ländern der Region sogar stark steigende Netto-Zuflüsse ausländischer Direktinvestitionen. Dabei verstärkte sich die regionale Disparität innerhalb der Ländergruppe der Reformstaaten mit EU-Assoziationsstatus. Während die Attraktivität der Länder Ostmitteleuropas und des Baltikums für multinationale Unternehmen erneut zunahm, verloren die Länder Südosteuropas weiter an Bedeutung.
Die Ergebnisse mittel- bis langfristiger Prognosen und Projektionen über den Zustrom ausländischer Direktinvestitionen nach Mittel- und Osteuropa hängen auch davon ab, wann der bereits angekündigte Beitritt einiger Länder der Region zur Europäischen Union stattfinden wird. Hiermit sind erhebliche Änderungen der wirtschaftlichen
Rahmenbedingungen verbunden. Eine Modellrechnung ausländischer Direktinvestitionen nach einem Beitritt ergibt eine nicht unbeträchtliche Expansion.
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Growing German direct investments in Central and Eastern Europe and their support by the German state
Thomas Meißner
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 14,
1997
Abstract
Deutschland gehört bereits seit mehr als zwanzig Jahren zu den Nettoexporteuren von Direktinvestitionen. In jüngster Zeit geht ein zunehmend größerer Teil dieses Kapitalexports in die Reformstaaten Mittel- und Osteuropas. Diese Direktinvestitionen unterliegen einer beträchtlichen Förderung durch die Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Zwar war die damit verfolgte Politik zu Beginn der Transformation Mittel- und Osteuropas gerechtfertigt. Mittlerweile scheint jedoch die Grundlage hierfür großenteils weggefallen zu sein. Das Instrumentarium zur Förderung von Direktinvestitionen in Mittel- und Osteuropa zeichnet sich durch eine große Intransparenz aus. Auch drohen Mitnahmeeffekte.
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Environmental protection as a determinant of direct investments; An analysis of the German chemical and mechanical engineering industries
Jens Horbach
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 59,
1997
Abstract
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Foreign Direct Investment in Bulgaria – The Significance of the “Value of Waiting to Invest”
Thomas Meißner
Externe Publikationen,
1997
Abstract
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Direct investment in Central and Eastern Europe: Development in 1995 and companies' objectives
Thomas Meißner
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 3,
1996
Abstract
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Foreign direct investment in automotive industry of East Central Europe
Martina Kämpfe
Forschungsreihe,
No. 1,
1996
Abstract
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