Organized Labor, Labor Market Imperfections, and Employer Wage Premia
Sabien Dobbelaere, Boris Hirsch, Steffen Müller, Georg Neuschäffer
ILR Review,
No. 3,
2024
Abstract
This article examines how collective bargaining through unions and workplace codetermination through works councils relate to labor market imperfections and how labor market imperfections relate to employer wage premia. Based on representative German plant data for the years 1999-2016, the authors document that 70% of employers pay wages below the marginal revenue product of labor and 30% pay wages above that level. Findings further show that the prevalence of wage markdowns is significantly smaller when organized labor is present, and that the ratio of wages to the marginal revenue product of labor is significantly larger. Finally, the authors document a close link between labor market imperfections and mean employer wage premia, that is, wage differences between employers corrected for worker sorting.
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IWH-Tarif-Check: Keine realen Netto-Tariflohnzuwächse für Beschäftigte im öffentlichen Dienst der Länder
Oliver Holtemöller, Birgit Schultz
IWH-Tarif-Check,
No. 3,
2023
Abstract
*** „Inflationsausgleichszahlung“ und Tariflohnsteigerungen dürften Verbraucherpreis-
inflation nur knapp ausgleichen. *** Die Tarifvertragsparteien des öffentlichen Dienstes der Länder haben sich vor kurzem auf einen neuen Tariflohnabschluss geeinigt: Es wurde vereinbart, dass Einmalzahlungen von insgesamt 3 000 Euro in elf Monats-
beträgen abgabenfrei als so genannte Inflationsausgleichsprämie gezahlt werden. Bereits im Dezember 2023 soll ein Teilbetrag in Höhe von 1 800 Euro ausgezahlt werden, von Januar bis einschließlich Oktober gibt es monatlich jeweils 120 Euro. Die regulären Tabellenentgelte erhöhen sich währenddessen nicht. Erst ab November 2024, wenn die Inflationsausgleichszahlung wegfällt, gibt es eine Stufenerhöhung über 200 Euro für alle Beschäftigten. Auf diese setzt ab Februar 2025 dann eine reguläre prozentuale Erhöhung von 5,5% auf. Der Tarifvertrag läuft bis Ende Oktober 2025.
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Declining Business Dynamism in Europe: The Role of Shocks, Market Power, and Technology
Filippo Biondi, Sergio Inferrera, Matthias Mertens, Javier Miranda
IWH-CompNet Discussion Papers,
No. 2,
2023
Abstract
We study changes in business dynamism in Europe after 2000 using novel micro-aggregated data that we collected for 19 European countries. In all countries, we document a broad-based decline in job reallocation rates that concerns most economic sectors and size classes. This decline is mainly driven by dynamics within sectors, size, and age classes rather than by compositional changes. Large and mature firms experience the strongest decline in job reallocation rates. Simultaneously, the employment shares of young firms decline. Consistent with US evidence, firms’ employment has become less responsive to productivity shocks. However, the dispersion of firms’ productivity shocks has decreased too. To enhance our understanding of these patterns, we derive and apply a novel firm-level framework that relates changes in firms’ sales, market power, wages, and production technology to firms’ responsiveness and job reallocation.
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Declining Business Dynamism in Europe: The Role of Shocks, Market Power, and Technology
Filippo Biondi, Sergio Inferrera, Matthias Mertens, Javier Miranda
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 19,
2023
Abstract
We study changes in business dynamism in Europe after 2000 using novel micro-aggregated data that we collected for 19 European countries. In all countries, we document a broad-based decline in job reallocation rates that concerns most economic sectors and size classes. This decline is mainly driven by dynamics within sectors, size, and age classes rather than by compositional changes. Large and mature firms experience the strongest decline in job reallocation rates. Simultaneously, the employment shares of young firms decline. Consistent with US evidence, firms’ employment has become less responsive to productivity shocks. However, the dispersion of firms’ productivity shocks has decreased too. To enhance our understanding of these patterns, we derive and apply a novel firm-level framework that relates changes in firms’ sales, market power, wages, and production technology to firms’ responsiveness and job reallocation.
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IWH-Tarif-Check
IWH-Tarif-Check The IWH-Tarif-Check (IWH Wage Rate Check) analyses the real income effects of recent wage agreements in Germany. It removes effects of inflation, taxation and…
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Macroeconomic Reports Local and global: IWH regularly provides current economic data - be it about the state of the East German economy, the macroeconomic development in Germany…
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Our Projects 07.2022 ‐ 12.2026 Evaluation of the InvKG and the federal STARK programme On behalf of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection, the IWH and the RWI…
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Payroll and VBL Payroll The monthly earnings statement for IWH employees is made available online via the LuGIS portal . You will receive two letters with the access data for the…
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IWH-Tarif-Check: Aktuelle Tarifabschlüsse bedeuten Reallohnverluste 2024
Oliver Holtemöller, Birgit Schultz
IWH-Tarif-Check,
No. 2,
2023
Abstract
*** Vergleich der Tariflohnabschlüsse von Chemischer Industrie, Deutscher Post, Metall- und Elektroindustrie und öffentlichem Dienst von Bund und Kommunen *** Die hohe Verbraucherpreisinflation hat den Lohndruck bei den Tarifverhandlungen stark erhöht. Das Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH) hat die Lohnabschlüsse für vier ausgewählte Branchen, die sich im vergangenen Halbjahr auf Neuabschlüsse geeinigt haben, verglichen. Dabei zeigen sich hohe nominale Lohnsteigerungen. Insbesondere die Inflationsausgleichsprämie, die in allen vier Branchen bis zur maximalen Höhe von 3000 Euro vereinbart wurde, lässt die Bruttolöhne kräftig steigen. In der Chemischen Industrie, in der es bereits in der vergangenen Lohnrunde eine hohe Einmalzahlung gab, füllt die vereinbarte Inflationsausgleichszahlung diese Lücke.
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