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Media Response Archive 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 December 2021 IWH: Ausblick auf Wirtschaftsjahr 2022 in Sachsen mit Bezug auf IWH-Prognose zu Ostdeutschland: "Warum Sachsens…
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East Germany
The Nasty Gap 30 years after unification: Why East Germany is still 20% poorer than the West Dossier In a nutshell The East German economic convergence process is hardly…
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Safety Net or Helping Hand? The Effect of Job Search Assistance and Compensation on Displaced Workers
Daniel Fackler, Jens Stegmaier, Richard Upward
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 18,
2023
Abstract
We provide the first systematic evidence on the effectiveness of a contested policy in Germany to help displaced workers. So-called “transfer companies” (Transfergesellschaften) employ displaced workers for a fixed period, during which time workers are provided with job-search assistance and are paid a wage which is a substantial fraction of their pre-displacement wage. Using rich and accurate data on workers’ employment patterns before and after displacement, we compare the earnings and employment outcomes of displaced workers who entered transfer companies with those that did not. Workers can choose whether or not to accept a position in a transfer company, and therefore we use the availability of a transfer company at the establishment level as an IV in a model of one-sided compliance. Using an event study, we find that workers who enter a transfer company have significantly worse post-displacement outcomes, but we show that this is likely to be the result of negative selection: workers who lack good outside opportunities are more likely to choose to enter the transfer company. In contrast, ITT and IV estimates indicate that the use of a transfer company has a positive and significant effect on employment rates five years after job loss, but no significant effect on earnings. In addition, the transfer company provides significant additional compensation to displaced workers in the first 12 months after job loss.
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Privacy
Data Protection Policy We take the protection of your personal data very seriously and treat your personal data with confidentiality and in compliance with the provisions of law…
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Income and savings
Income and savings Primary income of the private households The primary income of the private households (including private non-profit organisations) includes the income from…
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Market Concentration and Innovation in Transnational Corporations: Evidence from Foreign Affiliates in Central and Eastern Europe
Liviu Voinea, Johannes Stephan
Research on Knowledge, Innovation and Internationalization (Progress in International Business Research, Volume 4),
2009
Abstract
Purpose – The main research question of this contribution is whether local market concentration influences R&D and innovation activities of foreign affiliates of transnational companies.
Methodology/approach – We focus on transition economies and use discriminant function analysis to investigate differences in the innovation activity of foreign affiliates operating in concentrated markets, compared to firms operating in nonconcentrated markets. The database consists of the results of a questionnaire administered to a representative sample of foreign affiliates in a selection of five transition economies.
Findings – We find that foreign affiliates in more concentrated markets, when compared to foreign affiliates in less concentrated markets, export more to their own foreign investor's network, do more basic and applied research, use more of the existing technology already incorporated in the products of their own foreign investor's network, do less process innovation, and acquire less knowledge from abroad.
Research limitations/implications – The results may be specific to transition economies only.
Practical implications – The main implications of these results are that host country market concentration stimulates intranetwork knowledge diffusion (with a risk of transfer pricing), while more intense competition stimulates knowledge creation (at least as far as process innovation is concerned) and knowledge absorption from outside the affiliates' own network. Policy makers should focus their support policies on companies in more competitive sectors, as they are more likely to transfer new technologies.
Originality/value – It contributes to the literature on the relationship between market concentration and innovation, based on a unique survey database of foreign affiliates of transnational corporations operating in Eastern Europe.
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Optimizing knowledge transfer by new employees in companies
Sidonia vonLedebur
Knowledge Management Research and Practice,
No. 4,
2007
Abstract
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Comparative Study of Multinational Companies in the Enlarged EU - A Technology Transfer Perspective
Johannes Stephan, Björn Jindra, I. Klugert
Conference Proceedings of „Comparing International Competitiveness of Manufacturing Companies in the EU with Special Emphasis on Central and Eastern Europe“,
2007
Abstract
Die Untersuchung liefert einen Beitrag zur Analyse des Zusammenhangs zwischen der Heterogenität von multinationalen Unternehmen und internationalem Technologietransfer. Dabei konzentrieren wir uns auf den internen Technologietransfer, also den Transfer vom Mutter- zum Tochterunternehmen. Wir schätzen hierbei den Einfluß von Corporate Governance, Zielstellungen und absorptiver Kapazität des Tochterunternehmens sowie etwaige Effekte der kulturellen und geographischen Distanz als potentielle Determinanten des internen Technologietransfers. Dabei kontrollieren wir für andere firmen- und industriespezifische Effekte als auch unbeobachtete Spezifika des Investitionslandes. Die Hypothesen werden an einem Datensatz mit 434 ausländischen Tochterunternehmen aus einer Umfrage in Polen, Ungarn, Estland, der Slowakei und Slowenien aus dem Jahre 2002/2003 getestet. Die Ergebnisse scheinen zu zeigen, daß die Art der Mutter-Tochter-Beziehung in multinationalen Unternehmen von institutionellen Faktoren, den Zielstellungen der Investition und den verbundenen Risiken für den ausländischen Investor abhängen. Diese Faktoren wiederum haben einen Einfluß auf die Intensität des internen Technologietransfers. Absorptive Kapazität des Tochterunternehmens hat einen positiven Einfluß auf die Intensität des Technologietransfers, geographische Distanz hingegen scheint diese zu behindern. Schlußendlich scheint die Herkunft des ausländischen Investors keinen statistischen Einfluß auf die Intensität des internen Technologietransfers zu haben, wenn wir für Firmen-, Industrie- und Landesspezifika kontrollieren.
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A Game Theoretic Analysis of the Conditions of Knowledge Transfer by New Employees in Companies
Sidonia vonLedebur
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 3,
2006
Abstract
The availability of knowledge is an essential factor for an economy in global competition. Companies realise innovations by creating and implementing new knowledge. Sources of innovative ideas are partners in the production network but also new employees coming from another company or academia. Based on a model by HECKATHORN (1996) the conditions of efficient knowledge transfer in a team are analysed. Offering knowledge to a colleague can not be controlled directly by the company due to information asymmetries. Thus the management has to provide incentives which motivate the employees to act in favour of the company by providing their knowledge to the rest of the team and likewise to learn from colleagues. The game theoretic analysis aims at investigating how to arrange these incentives efficiently. Several factors are relevant, especially the individual costs of participating in the transfer. These consist mainly of the existing absorptive capacity and the working atmosphere. The model is a 2x2 game but is at least partly generalised on more players. The relevance of the adequate team size is shown: more developers may increase the total profit of an innovation
(before paying the involved people) but when additional wages are paid to each person a greater team decreases the remaining company profit. A further result is
that depending on the cost structure perfect knowledge transfer is not always best for the profit of the company. These formal results are consistent with empirical studies to the absorptive capacity and the working atmosphere.
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Conditions of knowledge transfer of new staff members in companies – a game theoretical analysis -
Sidonia vonLedebur
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 1,
2006
Abstract
Die Verfügbarkeit des Produktionsfaktors Wissen und die Innovationsfähigkeit stellen heute zentrale Erfolgsfaktoren von Volkswirtschaften dar. Die Produktion von neuem Wissen und seine wirtschaftliche Anwendung finden jedoch oft an verschiedenen Orten statt, so daß Wissenstransfer notwendig ist. Das ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn Wissenschaftler, die an Hochschulen oder in öffentlichen Forschungseinrichtungen gearbeitet haben, in ein Unternehmen wechseln. Wie kann nun die Wissensweitergabe durch neue Mitarbeiter in Unternehmen optimal gestaltet werden? Eine spieltheoretische Modellierung gibt dafür eine Antwort: Effizienter Transfer findet dann statt, wenn die Mitarbeiter für den Wissenstransfer einen hohen zusätzlichen Lohn verglichen mit ihrem zusätzlichen Aufwand erhalten. Hierbei spielt nicht nur zeitlicher Aufwand und Beteiligung an höheren Einnahmen durch neue Produkte, sondern auch die Größe des Teams und soziale Faktoren (z. B. Arbeitsklima) eine Rolle. Um ein günstiges Verhältnis von zusätzlichem Lohn zu zusätzlichem Aufwand zu erhalten, kann entweder der Lohn erhöht oder aber die individuellen Kosten der Mitarbeiter für Wissenstransfer gesenkt werden. Dies verursacht selbst Kosten für das Unternehmen – z. B. durch Einführung eines Wissensmanagements –, ist aber effizient, solange der aus Wissenstransfer resultierende Gewinn diese Kosten übersteigt. Die Wirtschaftspolitik muß dafür aber den Unternehmen die Freiheit geben, die Personalpolitik anreizeffizient zu gestalten.
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