Dienstleistungssektor bestimmt Dynamik beim Arbeitsvolumen
Hans-Ulrich Brautzsch
Wirtschaftsdienst,
No. 7,
2017
Abstract
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From World Factory to World Investor: The New Way of China Integrating into the World
Bijun Wang, Xiang Li
China Economic Journal,
No. 2,
2017
Abstract
This paper argues that outward direct investment (ODI) is replacing international trade as the new way China integrates into the world. Based on two complementary datasets, we document the pattern of Chinese ODI. We argue that the rapid growth of China’s ODI is the result of strong economic development, increasing domestic constraints, and supportive government policies. Compared with trade integration, investment integration involves China more deeply in global business. As a new global investor, China’s ODI in the future is full of opportunities, risks, and challenges. The Chinese government should improve bureaucracy coordination and participate more in designing and maintaining international rules to protect ODI interests.
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The Effects of Local Elections on National Military Spending: A Cross-country Study
Liuchun Deng, Yufeng Sun
Defence and Peace Economics,
No. 3,
2017
Abstract
In this paper, we study the domestic political determinants of military spending. Our conceptual framework suggests that power distribution over local and central governments influences the government provision of national public goods, in our context, military expenditure. Drawing on a large cross-country panel, we demonstrate that having local elections will decrease a country’s military expenditure markedly, controlling for other political and economic variables. According to our preferred estimates, a country’s military expenditure is on average 20% lower if its state government officials are locally elected, which is consistent with our theoretical prediction.
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Joint R&D Subsidies, Related Variety, and Regional Innovation
T. Broekel, Matthias Brachert, M. Duschl, T. Brenner
International Regional Science Review,
No. 3,
2017
Abstract
Subsidies for research and development (R&D) are an important tool of public R&D policy, which motivates extensive scientific analyses and evaluations. This article adds to this literature by arguing that the effects of R&D subsidies go beyond the extension of organizations’ monetary resources invested into R&D. It is argued that collaboration induced by subsidized joint R&D projects yield significant effects that are missed in traditional analyses. An empirical study on the level of German labor market regions substantiates this claim, showing that collaborative R&D subsidies impact regions’ innovation growth when providing access to related variety and embedding regions into central positions in cross-regional knowledge networks.
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11.04.2017 • 18/2017
The state as a pioneering customer: How public demand can drive private innovation
Especially in technology-intensive industries, demand from the state can expand private markets and create incentives for privately funded research and development, a new study by the Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) – Member of the Leibniz Association shows.
Viktor Slavtchev
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Im Fokus: Industrielle Kerne in Ostdeutschland und wie es dort heute aussieht – Das Beispiel des Zentrums Mikroelektronik Dresden
Gerhard Heimpold
Wirtschaft im Wandel,
No. 1,
2017
Abstract
Das Unternehmen IDT Europe GmbH mit Sitz in Dresden, das bis Dezember 2015 als Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden (ZMDI AG) firmierte, kann ein Beispiel auch für andere Industrieunternehmen in Deutschland sein: Fokus auf Forschung, Entwicklung und Design – ohne eigene Fertigung. Die IDT Europe GmbH war als Forschungseinrichtung für die mikroelektronische Industrie der DDR gestartet und konnte nach der Herstellung der Deutschen Einheit als ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Halbleiterindustrie und -forschung in der Region Dresden erhalten werden. Das Unternehmen befand sich bis 1998 faktisch im Eigentum des Freistaates Sachsen. Ende 1998 erfolgte die Privatisierung. In den 2000er Jahren spezialisierte sich das ZMDI vor allem auf Halbleiter-Erzeugnisse für energieeffiziente Lösungen insbesondere in Automobilen, der Medizintechnik, Industrieautomatisierung und Konsumelektronik. Im Jahr 2007 wurde die eigene Halbleiterfertigung aufgegeben, und es erfolgte eine Konzentration auf Forschung und Entwicklung. Das ZMDI profilierte sich als ein mittelständisches Headquarter-Unternehmen mit Sitz in Dresden. Im Dezember 2015 wurde die ZMDI AG vom US-Halbleiter-Unternehmen Integrated Device Technology, Inc. (IDT) erworben, bildet im neuen Unternehmensverbund das Exzellenzzentrum für Halbleiteranwendungen in Automobilen und entwickelt auch Produkte für industrielle Anwendungen und die Konsumelektronik.
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Banking Globalization, Local Lending, and Labor Market Effects: Micro-level Evidence from Brazil
Felix Noth, Matias Ossandon Busch
Abstract
This paper estimates the effect of a foreign funding shock to banks in Brazil after the collapse of Lehman Brothers in September 2008. Our robust results show that bank-specific shocks to Brazilian parent banks negatively affected lending by their individual branches and trigger real economic consequences in Brazilian municipalities: More affected regions face restrictions in aggregated credit and show weaker labor market performance in the aftermath which documents the transmission mechanism of the global financial crisis to local labor markets in emerging countries. The results represent relevant information for regulators concerned with the real effects of cross-border liquidity shocks.
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Bank-specific Shocks and House Price Growth in the U.S.
Franziska Bremus, Thomas Krause, Felix Noth
IWH Discussion Papers,
No. 3,
2017
Abstract
This paper investigates the link between mortgage supply shocks at the banklevel and regional house price growth in the U.S. using micro-level data on mortgage markets from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act for the 1990-2014 period. Our results suggest that bank-specific mortgage supply shocks indeed affect house price growth at the regional level. The larger the idiosyncratic shocks to newly issued mortgages, the stronger is house price growth. We show that the positive link between idiosyncratic mortgage shocks and regional house price growth is very robust and economically meaningful, however not very persistent since it fades out after two years.
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14.12.2016 • 50/2016
The German Economy: Economic Activity Spurred by Private Consumption and Construction
German economic activity remains robust due to strong domestic demand. IWH forecasts gross domestic product (GDP) to increase by 1.3% in 2017. The growth rate is half a percentage point lower than in 2016 due to calendar effects and a negative contribution of external trade. Consumer price inflation also remains modest (1.3%). “Unemployment is expected to increase slightly due to a protracted integration of refugees into the labor market”, says Oliver Holtemöller, Head of the Department Macroeconomics and IWH vice president
Oliver Holtemöller
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